Question

Name the factor on which the increase in length of a rod on heating depends.

Answer 1

Step1: Increase in length

1. When we heat a substance, the molecules and atoms vibrate faster.
2. Because atoms vibrate faster, the distance between atoms increases.
3. The motion and spacing of the particles determine the state of matter of the substance.
4. The end result of increased molecular motion is that the object expands and takes up more space.
5. This is called as linear expansion and Mathematically, Change in length $∆L=\alpha .L_0.\left(∆t\right)$,
   Where $∆L$= change in length, $\alpha$= coefficient of thermal expansion, $L_0$= original length, $∆t$= change in temperature.

Step2: Depending factors

This expansion in length of a rod on heating depends on:

1. Length of rod
2. Temperature of rod
3. Nature of material of the rod

Thus, the increase in length of a rod on heating depends on its initial length, temperature rise, and material.