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Question

The first battle of Panipat was fought on ______.


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Solution

The first battle of Panipat was fought on April 21, 1526. The battle was fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi.

First battle of Panipat

  • The Delhi Sultanate was ruled by the Afghan Lodi dynasty from 1451.
  • Ibrahim Lodi, was the reigning king of the Sultanate from 1517.
  • Babur, belonged to a descendant of both Timur and Chengiz Khan, was the ruler of Fergana (in Uzbekistan) and had conquered Kabul in 1504.
  • He tried to capture Samarkand but lost it three times. Hence, he turned his attention and focus towards Punjab.
  • Daulat Khan, the governor of Punjab, invited Babur to invade the region and destroy Ibrahim Lodi.
  • Babur reached Lahore in 1524 but was sent back by Lodi’s group of army members. He tried to defeat Lodi again but it went vain.
  • In 1526, Babur prepared well with an improved intelligence network. He had a smaller number of troops compared to Lodi.
  • He organised his army into three flanks. He also initiated the use of gunpowder firearms and field artillery into the subcontinent with this war.
  • Lodi’s army relied completely on cavalry and especially on elephants, which in earlier times, could shock the enemy and rout them.
  • Lodi’s bravery could not match up to the expertise of Babur on the battlefield.

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