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The staggered form of ethane has


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Solution

Conformational Isomerism:

  • Conformational isomerism is defined by rotation about sigma bonds and does not entail variations in bonding connectivity or geometry.
  • Two or more structures classified as conformational isomers, or conformers, are basically just two of the same molecule that differs only in the angle about one or more sigma bonds.
  • Confirmation is the spatial arrangement of carbon and hydrogen atoms that can be transformed into one another by rotating around a C-C single bond.

Staggered Confirmation:

  • When hydrogen atoms bonded to two carbons are as far away as feasible from each other, staggered confirmation occurs.
  • The staggered conformation is more stable than the eclipse confirmation because there are fewer repulsive forces and energy due to the multiple separations between the electron clouds of C-H bonds.
  • Because the electron cloud of the carbon-hydrogen bond is the greatest distance apart, the staggered form of ethane has the least repulsive forces, the least energy, the least torsional strain, and the greatest stability.

Figure: Staggered and Eclipsed Conformation of Ethane

  • Hence, the staggered form of ethane has minimum repulsive forces and minimum energy.

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