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Question

What are the different types of electrical power?


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Solution

Electrical power:

The rate at which electrical energy is consumed or dissipated into other forms of energy is called an electrical power.

  1. Power is denoted by P.
  2. The S.I unit of power is Watt.

The mathematical representation for power is P=V×I.

Here, V is the voltage and I is the current.

Types of electrical power:

There are two types of electrical power such as:

  1. DC power - It is defined as the product of voltage and current and is produced by DC sources like generators, batteries, fuel cells, etc.
  2. AC power - A flow of charge that exhibits a periodic change in direction is called AC power.

AC power is further bifurcated into three types as follows:

  1. Apparent power - It is the product of the root-mean-square current and the root-mean-square voltage. It is the ideal power and is represented by S. The mathematical expression for apparent power is S=Vrms×Irms.
  2. Active power - It is the amount of power consumed or used within an alternating current circuit. It is the real power and is represented by P. The mathematical expression for apparent power is S=Vmax×Imaxcosϕ. Here, ϕ is the impedance phase angle between the voltage and the current.
  3. Reactive power - Reactive power is the power developed in the circuit and is represented by Q. The mathematical expression for apparent power is Q=Vrms×Irmssinϕ.

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