What do you understand by bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons? Illustrate by giving one example of each type.
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Solution
Bond pairs:
When a bond is formed between two atoms, each atom will share one electron.
The electrons that are participating in this bond are known as the bond pairs of electrons.
Example: Molecule of methane , all the four hydrogen atoms form a bond pair with a central carbon atom.
Lone pairs:
The pair of electrons present in the valence shells that do not participate in the bond formation between two atoms, that pair of electrons are known as lone pairs.
Example: In a molecule of water , there are two lone pairs of electrons on oxygen atom with two bond pairs that are formed between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.