What is polarizing power and polarizability?

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Solution

Fajan's rule
Fajan's rule is based on the concept of polarization, which claims that the covalent nature of an anion rises as its polarization increases.
The polar strength of the cation and the anion's polarizability are the two main parameters that influence the extent of polarization of an anion.
Polarizing power
The polarizing power of a cation is defined as its ability to distort an anion.
For example, the polarizing power of sodium ion $({Na}^{+})$ distorts chlorine electrons and attracts them to the sodium atom.
Polarizability
Polarizability is defined as the anion's susceptibility to getting polarized by the cation.
An ionic bond is formed when the degree of polarization is extremely low, whereas a covalent bond is formed when the degree of polarization is very high.

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