Question

What are Sigma and Pi bonds?

Answer 1

Sigma Bond $\left(\mathrm{\sigma }\right)$

• A Sigma bond is a chemical bond formed by the linear or co-axial overlapping of the atomic orbitals of two atoms.
• Sigma bonds are known to exist independently and allow free rotation
• Sigma bonds are stronger bonds.

Pi Bonds ( π )

• A pi bond is a type of covalent bond that exists between atoms where the electrons are on top and bottom of the axis connecting the nuclei of the joined atoms.
• It is formed by the parallel or lateral overlapping of the atomic orbitals.
• Pi-bond must always exist along with sigma bond and the rotation is restricted.
• Pi bonds are usually weaker compared to sigma bonds.