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Question

What is the formula for ethanol?


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Solution

IUPAC nomenclature

  • Organic chemists developed and implemented the IUPAC nomenclature system to avoid issues brought on by arbitrary naming.
  • Find the carbon chain with the longest root.
  • Give each substituent group a name and a number to indicate their position.
  • There were several groups of the same type, and they were all identified by the prefixes di, tri, tetra, and so on.
  • Functional groups are indicated by a compound's suffixes.
  • Give the compound a name in alphabetical order.

Formula of ethanol

  • Ethanol contains two carbon atoms.
  • Hence the root chain has two carbon atoms.
  • The suffix -ol means that it contains a hydroxyl group (-OH).
  • The chemical formula of ethanol is CH3CH2OH.

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