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Question

When a solid body is negatively charged by friction, it means that the body has


A

acquired excess of electrons

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B

lost some, problems

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C

acquired some electrons and lost a lesser number of protons

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D

lost some positive ions

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Solution

The correct option is A

acquired excess of electrons


Charge in the body:

  1. Protons are not moveable, although electrons are.
  2. Charge in a body is quantized at the microscopic level, which means that all free charges are integral multiples of the basic unit of charge of an electron/proton, denoted by the letter 'e.'
  3. Charge q in a body is given by q=ne.
    Here, n is the number of electrons and e=1.6×10-19C.

The explanation of correct option (A):

  1. Electrical neutrality refers to a body that has an equal amount of positive and negative charges.
  2. A body is considered to be charged when there is a charge imbalance.
  3. The nucleus remains stationary and does not move; nevertheless, as electrons rub against each other, they move and are transported to new bodies.
  4. A body's positive or negative charge is caused by the existence of surplus electrons or a lack of electrons in comparison to protons in a solid, whether at the microscopic or macroscopic level.
  5. The transport of electrons from one body to another is what causes charging.
  6. When a solid body is negatively charged as a result of friction, it signifies that there are more electrons in the body than there are protons.

The explanation for incorrect options:

All the three options B, C, and D are incorrect because when a solid substance becomes negatively charged as a result of friction, it indicates it has accumulated an excess of electrons.

Hence the correct option is A.


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