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Who were Sans Culottes?


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Solution

Sans-culottes, literally means ‘those without knee breeches. They were Jacobins who wore a particular kind of dress to proclaim the end of power wielded by wearers of knee breeches.

  • A large group of people among Jacobins wanted to set themselves apart from the fashionable sections of society, especially nobles, who wore knee breeches.
  • Hence they people decided to start wearing long striped trousers similar to those worn by dock workers.
  • In addition the red cap was worn by Sans-Culottes men that symbolized liberty.

Jacobins

  • In France, people who mainly belonged to the less prosperous sections of society were members of Jacobin club.
  • People who worked as daily-wage workers, servants, shoemakers, printers, watch-makers, pastry cooks were Jacobins.

Important Dates – in French History

1774

  • Louis XVI becomes king of France. He was facing increasing discontent within society and the king had to face the issue of empty treasury.

1789

  • Convocation of Estates General takes place.
  • National Assembly is formed by Third Estate.
  • Revolt of peasants takes place in the countryside. Bastille was stormed.

1791

  • A constitution was framed. It was framed to guarantee the basic rights to all human beings and to limit the powers of the king.

1792-93

  • The King is beheaded.
  • France becomes a Republic.
  • France is ruled by a Directory, the Jacobin Republic is overthrown.

1804

  • Napoleon becomes emperor of France, large parts of Europe is annexed.

1815

  • Napoleon was defeated at Waterloo.

Articles to Explore:

  1. Explain the condition of women in France before and after the French revolution
  2. What are the main causes of the French revolution?
  3. What is the french revolution?

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