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Question

Why is BeSO4 is water soluble while CaSO4 is not?


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Solution

Hydration energy

  • The energy liberated when something dissolves in water is known as hydration energy.
  • The salt is water-soluble if the hydration energy equals or exceeds the lattice energy.
  • Solvation occurs with the release of energy in the form of heat in salts where the hydration energy is greater than the lattice energy.

Solubility of BeSO4 and CaSO4 in water

  • BeSO4 (Beryllium sulfate) dissolves easily in water.
  • Be2+ ion's greater hydration energy allows them to overcome the lattice energy, resulting in its sulfate being water-soluble.
  • CaSO4 (Calcium sulfate) is insoluble in water.
  • This is due to the fact that the ion-ion bond is stronger and has a covalent bond.
  • Compounds with the covalent bond are insoluble in water.

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