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Question

Write about 4 disorders of the digestive system.


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Solution

Digestive system:

The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs.

Disorders of the digestive system:

  1. Jaundice-
  • It is the result of excess accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream.
  • There is a yellow discolouration of the skin, the whites of the eyes as well as the mucous membranes.
  • The main reason is the increased amount of bilirubin in the blood, which is a byproduct of the breakdown of RBCs in the body.
  • Any disruption in the metabolism of bile causes jaundice.

2. Nausea and vomiting-

  • Due to the occurrence of any irritation in the stomach, sometimes the stomach comes out of the mouth.
  • It is a reflex action and is called vomiting.
  • A forceful discharge of the stomach contents comes out of the mouth.
  • The uneasiness that usually comes before vomiting is nausea.
  • These are generally the symptoms of conditions such as food poisoning, stomach flu, gallbladder disease, ulcers, overeating etc.

3. Diarrhoea-

  • It is the abnormal frequency of bowel movements.
  • There is increased liquidity of faecal discharge.
  • The stools are somewhat loose and watery.
  • It is mostly caused by viruses that cause the infection of the gut.

4. Peptic ulcers-

  • Peptic ulcers are holes in the protective lining of the duodenum or stomach.
  • Duodenal ulcers and stomach ulcers are the types of ulcers, according to their location.
  • Oesophageal ulcers also occur due to alcohol abuse or exposure to certain antibiotics.

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