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Question

Write the balanced equation for the following reaction

(a) Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.


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Solution

Balanced chemical equation: A balanced chemical equation is the representation of a chemical reaction in which the number of atoms of each element is the same on both the reactant and product sides.

Word equation to symbolic equation:

  • In the given reaction, Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.
  • The chemical reaction can be represented as:

MgCO3sMagnesiumcarbonate+HClaqHydrochloricacidMgCl2aqMagnesiumchloride+CO2gCarbondioxide+H2OlWater

Balancing the Chemical Equation:

Step 1: Write the number of atoms of each element

MgCO3sMagnesiumcarbonate+HClaqHydrochloricacidMgCl2aqMagnesiumchloride+CO2gCarbondioxide+H2OlWater

ElementReactant sideProduct Side
Mg11
C11
O33
Cl12
H12
  • From the table, it is clear that the atoms of Hydrogen and Chlorine are not balanced.

Step 2: Balancing the unbalanced atoms

  • In order to balance the equation, we will make the coefficient of HCl as 2.
  • Now the equation becomes

MgCO3sMagnesiumcarbonate+2HClaqHydrochloricacidMgCl2aqMagnesiumchloride+CO2gCarbondioxide+H2OlWater

ElementReactant sideProduct Side
Mg11
C11
O33
Cl22
H22

Hence, the balanced chemical equation is MgCO3sMagnesiumcarbonate+2HClaqHydrochloricacidMgCl2aqMagnesiumchloride+CO2gCarbondioxide+H2OlWater


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