For a student who is aiming to get maximum benefit and good training to do the Zoology practical experiments this Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practical manual will be of great importance. This manual consists of general instructions that every student has to follow in order to perform the experiments successfully. At the same time, it also provides the required safety and precautionary measures they have to adopt. Any student who wishes to ace the Zoology practicals for the board exams will have to practice regularly the experiments and activities as given here by referring to this Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practicals.
Students can access the downloadable link of the TN Board Class 12 Zoology Practical and get the PDF.
Download Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practical PDF
Meanwhile, information about the list of experiments and model questions can also be found in this article.
Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practical -Table of Contents
Below you can see list of experiments, prepared slides, preserved specimens, C-Pictures, D-Genetics-Karyotyping and E-Pedigree Analysis. It also contains the list of project work that students will be asked to do in class 12 Zoology, throughout the academic year.
Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practical – List of Experiments
The list of experiments given below will inform students about the various lab facilities, measuring instruments, chemicals, glassware, other equipment and such that are made available in the school laboratory.
Description of the experiment in the TN Class 12 Zoology Practical Manual follows the given format:
- Aim of the experiments
- Apparatus or materials required
- Formula or principle behind the experiment
- Procedure
- Observations
- Result
Experiment 1
AIM: To demonstrate the process of fermentation by yeast in the given samples I, II and III.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
• Glucose solution • Raw sugar solution
• Jaggery with salt solution • Yeast granules
• Beaker • Lime water
• Test tubes
PRINCIPLE:
Fermentation is an anaerobic metabolic process accompanied with effervescence. During
this process, sugar is converted into ethyl alcohol and CO2. It occurs in yeast and bacteria.
PROCEDURE:
• Take 2ml of the given samples I, II and III in three clean test tubes (labelled as 1, 2 and 3)
respectively.
• Add few granules of yeast in all the test tubes and plug the tubes with cotton wool.
• Wait while fermentation takes place and note the time taken.
• Appearance of effervescence in the test tube indicates that fermentation has taken place.
• Remove the cotton wool and pass the gas into a test tube containing limewater.
• The lime water turns milky indicating that the gas evolved during fermentation is carbon
di-oxide.
• The variation in the time taken for fermentation to take place in the different sugar
solutions indicates that the simple sugars like glucose are fermented much quicker than the
complex sugars.
Experiment 2
AIM: To investigate the colour and pH in the given water samples I, II, III and thereby determining the quality of water for consumption.
MATERIALS REQUIRED:
• pH paper and colour chart • Dropper / glass rod
• Water samples • Test tubes
PRINCIPLE:
The colour of water sample ranges from colourless to green to yellowish brown and grey
depending upon the planktonic growth and suspended solids. The pH (negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration) of a solution is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions. It decreases with increasing pH and that a difference of one pH unit represents a tenfold variation in hydrogen ion concentration.The pH value can vary from 0 to 14. Solutions with a pH between 0 and 7 are acidic, while those with a pH between 7 and 14 are basic. pH 7 is considered neutral.
PROCEDURE:
• Observe and tabulate the colour of the water samples I, II and III taken in test tubes
against a white background.
• Take the three different water solutions in separate test tubes and label them.
• A piece of pH paper is dipped into the sample and compared with that of the colour on the
pH chart.
• The approximate pH value of the samples is thus determined and the results tabulated.
INFERENCE:
• Among the three samples, it is found that, sample is acidic in nature, while sample
is found alkaline. Hence it is not suitable for consumption.
• The pH of the sample is found to be since it is closer to the neutral pH, it is
fit for consumption.
PRECAUTIONS:
• Use only the standard colour chart supplied with the pH paper for assessing the pH value.
• Keep the pH strips away from chemicals.
• Either use fresh fine dropper or glass rod for each different sample, or wash the dropper or
rod well with water every time.
Experiment 3
Aim: Mark the given Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park in the given map of India. Write its location and significance.
1. Kaziranga National Park
Location: Golaghat and Nagaon districts of Assam
Significance: Kaziranga National park’s 430 square kilometer area sprinkled with elephant-grass meadows, swampy lagoons, and dense forests is home to more than 2200 Indian one-horned rhinoceros, approximately 2/3rd of their total world population. The park is the breeding ground of elephants, wild water buffalo, and swamp deer. Over time, the tiger population has also increased in Kaziranga, and that’s the reason why Kaziranga was declared as a Tiger Reserve in 2006.
2. Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary
Location: Point Calimere (Kodiakkarai), Nagapattinam (dt)
Significance: It was created for the conservation of near threatened species, Black buck antelope, an endemic mammal species of India.
3. Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
Location: Talala Gir in Gujarat
Significance: Gir is the only natural habitat of world popular Asiatic Lions. It covers a total area of 1412 square kilometers of which 258 km forms the core area of the National Park. The Sambar is counted as the largest Indian Deer. The Gir forest is also known for the Chowsingha – the world’s only four horned antelope. The Jackal, striped Hyena and Indian Fox are some of the smaller carnivores found in the Gir Forest.
4. Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary
Location: Kerala
Significance: Apart from Elephants, other animals to be seen in the Periyar sanctuary are Gaur, Wild Pigs, Sambar, Barking Deer, Mouse Deer, Dole or Indian Wild Dog and very rarely, a Tiger. There are now, an estimated 40 tigers here.
5. Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park
Location: Nilgiri hills, Nilgiri District, Tamil Nadu (shares boundary with the states of Karnataka and Kerala).
Significance: The protected area is home to several endangered and vulnerable species including Indian elephant, Bengal tiger, Gaur and Indian leopard. There are at least 266 species of birds in the sanctuary, including the critically endangered Indian white-rumped vulture and long-billed vulture.
Experiment 4
Aim: To assess the distribution of various genetic traits in a given population.
MATERIALS REQUIRED :
• List of traits • Sheet of paper
PROCEDURE:
• The students are divided into groups and the assessment of the various genetic traits are
done, first individually and then among themselves.
• The phenotype and the possible genotypes are recorded in the tabular column.
• Based on the occurrence of the traits , the frequency of the dominant and recessive
characters were discussed.
INFERENCE:
Discuss and answer the following questions :
• Did you have mostly dominant or recessive traits?
• For which traits were most students dominant?
• For which traits were most students recessive?
Experiment 5
Aim: To find out the blood group of a class / school students.
MATERIAL REQUIRED:
1. Human blood sample 5. Spirit (70% alcohol)
2. Antisera A 6. , slides. Lancet
3. Antisera B 7. Cotton
4. Antisera D 8. Mixing sticks
PRINCIPLE:
The determination of ABO blood group is based on the agglutination reaction. The A, B and Rh
antigens present on the surface of the RBC react with the corresponding antibodies (antisera)
to form visible agglutination or clumping.
PROCEDURE:
1. Take a clean dry slide / white tile and divide it into three divisions.
2. Wipe the middle finger with cotton moistened with 70% alcohol and allow to dry.
3. Prick disinfected area with sterile lancet.
4. Squeeze the finger and allow a drop of blood to fall on each division of the slide/ white tile.
5. Add one drop of antiserum into the appropriately labeled drop of blood on the slide/ white
Tile.
6. Mix serum and blood drops with the applicator stick.
7. Observe the mixtures for agglutination and record the blood groups.
8. Record the findings in tabular form.
For a more detailed information about the experiments, activities and project work required for class 12 Zoology, students can refer to the downloadable PDF given in the article.
Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology Practical – Model Questions
MODEL QUESTIONS CLASS: XII
TIME: 2½Hrs
MARKS: 15
1. Analyse the given samples I, II and III for fermentation process. Write the aim, principle,
procedure and inference of the experiment.
(or)
Analyse the given water samples (I,II and III) for colour and pH . Tabulate your results
and find out which water is suitable for consumption.
(Procedure – 1; Experiment- 1; Result – 1 =3)
2. Mark the location of the given Wildlife Sanctuary and National parks in India map. Add a
note on its location and significance.
(or)
Mention any 5 Mendelian traits in your body and write their phenotype and
genotype.
3. Identify the given slide ‘A’. Write any 2 diagnostic features with diagram (½ +½+½=2)
4. Identify the given specimen ‘B’. Comment on its animal association. (1+1=2)
5. Identify the given picture ‘C’. Write any 2 comments. (1+1=2)
6. Identify the given syndrome ‘D’. Write any 2 comments. (1+1=2)
7. Analyse the pedigree chart given in ‘E’. Answer the given questions. (1+1=2)
NOTE: Any relevant points and comments apart from those provided in the practical manual must also be considered for evaluation.
Also, given below are the details of unit wise Tamil Nadu Board Class 11 Zoology Syllabus:
TN Board Class 12 Zoology Syllabus
Students can get more details about the TN Board and its exam resources at BYJU’S. Stay Tuned!
Comments