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# AP Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 11 Electric Current

The chapter 11 Electric Current of Class 10 Physical Science AP Board, discusses the various characteristics of electric current and a few of its important laws. So, learning the AP Class 10 Physical Science Chapter 11 Electric Current can be quite challenging.

## What is an Electric Current?

The amount of charge crossing through a cross-sectional area in one second is known as an electric current. Mathematically, it is expressed as follows:

$$\begin{array}{l}I=\frac{Q}{t}\end{array}$$

The S.I unit of current is ampere.

• The work done to move a positive charge from one point to another is known as electric potential.
• A multimeter, an electronic measuring instrument, measures several functions such as electric potential difference, electric current and electric resistance.

### Laws

• Ohm’s law: The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference applied between its ends, provided its temperature remains constant.
• The junction law: The sum of the currents entering into the junction must equal the sum of the currents leaving the junction.
• The loop law: The algebraic sum of the potential difference across various components in a closed circuit loop must be zero.

The product of potential difference and the current is known as the electric power. The SI unit of power is watt (W).

The product of power and time is known as electrical energy. The unit of electrical energy is W.

In the next section, let us look at a few chapter questions to better understand the concepts discussed in the chapter.

### Chapter 11 Electric Current Chapter Questions

1. Explain how electrons flow causes electric current with Lorentz – Drude theory of electrons
2. Why do we use fuses in household circuits?
3. Silver is a better conductor of electricity than copper. Why do we use copper wire for conduction of electricity?
4. Why should we connect electric appliances in parallel in a household circuit? What happens if they are connected in series?
5. State Ohm’s law. Suggest an experiment to verify it and explain the procedure.

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