Chemistry Practical Class 11 Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of the same concentration Viva Questions with Answers

Q1. What do you understand by the term pH?

Answer: pH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is a standard used to estimate the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration. It is equivalent to the negative log of hydrogen ion (H+) concentration.

pH = – log [H+]

Q2. What do you understand by the term pOH?

Answer: pOH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It is a standard used to estimate the hydroxide ion (OH) concentration. It is equivalent to the negative log of hydroxide ion (OH) concentration.

pH = – log [OH]

Q3. What does the pH of a solution signify?

Answer: A pH of solution signifies the concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) in moles per litre.

Q4. What is the pH of an acidic solution?

Answer: The pH of an acidic solution is less than 7.

Q5. What is the pH of an alkaline solution?

Answer: The pH of an alkaline solution is more than 7.

Q6. What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Answer: The pH of a neutral solution is equal to 7.

Q7. What is a universal indicator?

Answer: A universal indicator is a pH indicators mixture that gives distinct colours at distinct pH values of the entire scale.

Q8. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of an acidic solution?

Answer: pH of an acidic solution increases on dilution.

Q9. What is the effect of dilution on the pH of an alkaline solution?

Answer: pH of an alkaline solution decreases on dilution.

Q10. What happens to the pH of the solution if a little acid is added to the water?

Answer: When an acid is added to the water, the hydrogen ion concentration will increase. Thus, its pH would decrease.

Q11. Will the pH of 0.1 M acetic acid be the same as that of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid?

Answer: No, the pH of 0.1 M acetic acid will not be the same as that of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid. Acetic acid is a weak acid. It does not ionise completely, i.e. produces lesser hydrogen ions. Thereby its pH will be more.

Q12. What is an acid-base indicator?

Answer: An acid-base indicator is an organic compound that indicates the change in colour with the change in pH value.

Example: Phenolphthalein, Litmus paper, and Red Cabbage Juice.

Q13. Which of the following solutions has lower pH: 0.1 M hydrochloric acid or 0.1 M acetic acid?

Answer: The 0.1 M hydrochloric acid pH will be less than the 0.1 M acetic acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. It ionises completely and produces a large number of hydrogen ions. Thus its pH will be less.

Q14. What is the pH indicator chart?

Answer: The pH indicator chart is a standard that displays the colours over the entire pH range. It is used to assess the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

Q15. What is the pOH of a solution if its pH is 1?

Answer: Given

pH = 1,

We know that sum of pH and pOH is equal to 14,

pH + pOH = 14

pOH = 14 – pH

pOH = 14 – 1

pH = 13.

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