Q1. What do you mean by the term chromatography?
Answer: Chromatography is an analytical method used for the rapid and efficient separation of components of a mixture. It is based on the principle that different components migrate at a different rate through a stationary phase under the influence of a mobile phase.
Q2. What are the different types of chromatography?
Answer: We can divide chromatography into two kinds based on the mobile phase’s physical state.
- Gas chromatography.
- Liquid chromatography.
Q3. Give examples of liquid chromatography?
Answer: Paper chromatography, High-performance liquid chromatography, Ion-exchange chromatography are a few examples of liquid chromatography.
Q4. What are the vital elements of the substance used as a developer?
Answer: The essential aspects of the substance used as a developer are mentioned below.
- It should impart colour at different spots.
- It should not react with separating compounds.
- It should be volatile.
Q5. What do you mean by the term loading?
Answer: The addition of mixture in a column or applying mixture on the original line of filter paper is known as Loading.
- It is also known as Spotting.
Q6. What are the mobile and stationary phases in paper chromatography?
Answer: Water absorbed on cellulose is a stationary phase while the organic solvent is a mobile phase.
Q7. What is the principle of chromatography?
Answer: Chromatography is established on the principle that different components migrate at a different rate through a stationary phase under the influence of a mobile phase.
Q8. What is Rf value?
Answer: Retention factor is also known as Rf. It is the ratio of the distance travelled by the compound to the distance travelled by solvent.
Rf = Distance travelled by the compound / Distance travelled by the solvent.
Q9. On what factors does the Rf value of the compound depend?
Answer: Rf value depends on the following factors.
- Temperature
- Nature of the compound
- Nature of the solvent
Q10. Why is chromatography better than other analytical methods?
Answer: Chromatography is better than other analytical methods because we can use it to separate
- High complex mixtures.
- Low volume mixtures
Moreover, mixtures separated by chromatography can also be collected individually.
Q11. What kinds of solvents are preferred in chromatography?
Answer: Less viscous solvents are chosen in chromatography as the rate of flow is inversely proportional to its viscosity.
Q12. What do you mean by the term development of a chromatogram?
Answer: If the components to be separated are colourless, i.e. invisible. Then they are recognised by spraying an appropriate reagent or are placed in an iodine chamber. This process is known as the development of a chromatogram.
Q13. What are the uses of chromatography?
Answer: Chromatography plays an essential role in the pharmaceutical and food industries. We can use it to monitor air quality and test drinking water. It is also used in chemical fingerprinting, species identification, and detecting drugs in urine or other body fluids.
Q14. What is the biochemical application of chromatography?
Answer: The biochemical application of chromatography is to separate amino acids, nucleic acids, peptides and proteins.
Download Class 12 Chemistry Viva questions on the separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having a wide difference in Rf values to be provided) by clicking on the button below.
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