Upwelling provides food for fish, marine mammals and birds. In other words, it provides an ideal environment where a marine ecosystem can prosper.
In the event that upwelling stopped, which can happen due to a combination of weak winds and deeper water, it would lead to a reduction of nutrient-rich water, which in turn would lead to a lower fish population in the area and ultimately a deterioration of marine ecosystems.
For more relevant articles refer to the links given below:
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