Magnetism is the property of attracting iron, cobalt, nickel and other magnetic substances. The material that shows this property is called the magnet. Lodestone is an example of a naturally occurring magnet. Magnets can also be prepared artificially by rubbing a ferromagnetic material with a strong magnet, by keeping the material in a magnetic field of a solenoid or by keeping it in contact with the pole of a magnet for a long time.
| Artificial magnets are of two types- Permanent magnets and Temporary magnets. Normally magnets are used in the form of bars. |
8 Properties of Bar Magnet
Bar magnets have the following basic properties.
Property 1: Attractive property
Magnets attract ferromagnetic materials like iron, cobalt and nickel. The strength of attraction is maximum at the poles and minimum at the midpoint of the bar magnet.
Property 2:Directional property
If the bar magnet is suspended freely using a thread, it always comes to rest in the geographically North-South direction.
Property 3: Magnets exist as a dipole
Magnets always exist as a dipole. Existence of monopole is not possible.
Property 4: Attraction and repulsion
Like poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other.
Property 5: Equality of pole strength
The strength of both poles is always the same.
Property 6: Magnetic induction
When a magnetic material is kept in contact with a bar magnet it acquires the magnetic property. This process is called magnetic induction.
Property 7: Demagnetization
A magnet loses its magnetism when heated, beaten hard with a hammer or kept under the influence of AC current.
Property 8: Repulsion of materials
Some materials like gold, silver and water get repelled by magnets. These materials are called diamagnetic materials.
Frequently Asked Questions on Properties of Bar Magnet
What is a bar magnet?
A bar magnet is a rectangular piece of an object with permanent magnetic properties. It is made up of iron, steel, or any other ferromagnetic substance.
What are magnetic lines of force?
Magnetic lines of force are imaginary lines representing the direction of a magnetic field, with the tangent at each point being the field vector’s direction.
What is the direction of magnetic field lines?
A magnetic field line runs from the north pole to the south pole of the bar magnet.
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