CoDing sequences (CDS) are regions of RNA or DNA whose sequence determines the sequence of amino acids in a given protein. cDNA (complementary DNA) contains exons or coding regions. It is synthesized from RNA (such as mRNA or microRNA), the single-stranded template in a reaction; catalysis by the reverse transcriptase enzyme.
CDS (coding DNA sequence)
- CDS (coding sequence) is the coding region of a gene. It is the part of a gene of DNA or RNA which codes for a particular protein
- The term is interchangeably used with exon, however, it is not the exact same. Exons comprise coding regions and 3′ and 5′ untranslated regions of the RNA. As a result, the exons would partly be composed of coding regions
- The 3′ and 5′ untranslated parts of the RNA that do not code for proteins are the non-coding areas
cDNA
- cDNA (Complementary DNA) are copies of mRNA (a messenger RNA) molecule produced by the reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that can use either RNA or DNA as templates
- These are synthesized from a single-stranded mRNA or microRNA template
- These are also naturally produced by the retrovirus and then integrated into the genome of the host where a provirus is created
Key Difference between CDS and cDNA
The table below depicts the difference between CDS and cDNA.
| These are regions of RNA or DNA whose sequence determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein | These are sequences of DNA obtained from mRNA through the process of the reverse transcription |
| Exons and codons | The sequence of mRNA and 2 UTRs |
| Yes | No, artificial |
| No | Yes |
| Each individual’s genomic DNA has CDS | Artificially, synthesis is carried out from mRNA through the process of the reverse transcription |
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