Glucose (C6H12O6) is a monosaccharide and is a monomer of many polysaccharides such as cellulose, starch, etc. It contains six carbons and has an aldehyde group so it is known as an aldohexose. It occurs naturally in free or combined form and it is the most important energy resource for all the organisms. Glucose is commercially produced from starch by hydrolysis. Glucose is also known as dextrose or D(+) glucose. Glucose exists in two cyclic isomeric forms (pyranose structure) known as anomers, i.e. πΆ-D(+)-Glucopyranose and π±-D(+)-Glucopyranose.
1. π±-D(+)-Glucose has how many asymmetric carbons?
(a) 4
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 5
Answer: (a)
2. In the process of glycolysis
(a) glucose is converted to haem
(b) glucose is oxidised to pyruvate
(c) pyruvate is converted to citrate
(d) glucose is oxidised to glutamate
Answer: (b)
3. The two hemiacetal isomers of glucose, πΌ-D-glucose and π½-D-glucose are
(a) diastereomers
(b) epimers
(c) enantiomers
(d) anomers
Answer: (d)
4. How many molecules of phenyl hydrazine react with glucose to produce glucosazone?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 1
Answer: (a)
5. πΆ-D(+)-Glucopyranose and π±-D(+)-Glucopyranose differ in
(a) the size of the hemiacetal ring
(b) the number of OH group present
(c) configuration
(d) conformation
Answer: (c)
6. Hydrolysis of starch yields
(a) sucrose
(b) glucose
(c) fructose
(d) both (b) and (c)
Answer: (b)
7. The acetylation of glucose with acetic anhydride yields
(a) monoacetate
(b) triacetate
(c) hexaacetate
(d) pentaacetate
Answer: (d)
8. Which of the following enzymes converts maltose to glucose?
(a) Diastase
(b) Zymase
(c) Lactase
(d) Maltase
Answer: (d)
9. Which of the following enzymes converts glucose to ethanol?
(a) Zymase
(b) Invertase
(c) Diesterase
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer: (a)
10. πΌ-D-glucose and π½-D-glucose differ in the configuration of the OH group at which carbon?
(a) C3
(b) C2
(c) C4
(d) C1
Answer: (d)
11. Which of the following is formed on reduction of glucose?
(a) Sorbitol
(b) Mannitol
(c) Menthol
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer: (a)
12. Which of the following is the monomer of cellulose?
(a) Ribose
(b) Fructose
(c) Glucose
(d) Sucrose
Answer: (c)
13. Glucose gives positive silver mirror test with Tollenβs reagent due to the presence of
(a) acetal group
(b) aldehydic group
(c) keto group
(d) anomeric hydroxyl group
Answer: (b)
14. Which of the following pairs will give a positive test with Tollenβs reagent?
(a) Glucose and sucrose
(b) Glucose and fructose
(c) Sucrose and fructose
(d) Acetophenone and hexanal
Answer: (b)
15. When glucose reacts with bromine water it forms
(a) Glutaric acid
(b) Glyceraldehyde
(c) Saccharic acid
(d) Gluconic acid
Answer: (d)
16. The pyranose structure of glucose is due to the formation of hemiacetal and ring between
(a) C2 and C5
(b) C1 and C5
(c) C1 and C4
(d) C1 and C3
Answer: (b)
17. D-Glucose and D-Galactose are
(a) anomers
(b) epimers
(c) optical isomers
(d) none of the above
Answer: (b)
18. Cellulose is a polymer of
(a) D-glucose monomers joined by Ξ²-glycosidic linkages
(b) D-glucose monomers joined by Ξ±-glycosidic linkages
(c) D-galactose monomers joined by Ξ±-glycosidic linkages
(d) D-galactose monomers joined by Ξ²-glycosidic linkages
Answer: (a)
19. Fructose can be distinguished from glucose as
(a) it gives a positive Seliwanoffβs test
(b) it does not undergo hydrolysis
(c) it is a monosaccharide
(d) none of the above
Answer: (a)
20. Glucose is converted to mannose by
(a) racemisation
(b) anomerisation
(c) epimerisation
(d) none of the above
Answer: (c)
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