Microbes are ubiquitous. These are microscopic entities that are not visible to the naked eye. While some are extremely useful, some can be fatal too. These tiny creatures catalyze some critical biological processes taking place in nature without any human intervention.
1. In Swiss cheese, big holes are made by a
(a) bacterium producing methane gas
(b) machine
(c) fungus releasing a lot of gases while its metabolic activities
(d) bacterium producing large quantities of carbon dioxide
Answer: (d)
2. During which stage of the purification of the sewage water are microbes used?
(a) Primary treatment
(b) Secondary treatment
(c) Tertiary treatment
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Answer: (b)
3. What does a high value of BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand) indicate?
(a) That water is pure
(b) that water is less polluted
(c) that water is highly polluted
(d) that consumption of organic matter by microbes is higher in the water
Answer: (c)
4. This entry in the table is wrongly matched
| Option | Name of the Microbe | Product | Purpose |
| (a) | Monascus purpureus | Statins | Lowers blood cholesterol |
| (b) | Streptococcus | Streptokinase | Removes clots from blood vessels |
| (c) | Clostridium butylicum | Lipase | Oil stain removal |
| (d) | Trichoderma polysporum | Cyclosporin-A | Immunosuppressive drug |
Answer: (c)
5. This is a good producer of citric acid
(a) Aspergillus
(b) Clostridium
(c) Saccharomyces
(d) Pseudomonas
Answer: (a)
6. This is not an example of performing biological control of diseases/pests using microbes
(a) Trichoderma sp. against some plant pathogens
(b) Nucleopolyhedrovirus against insects and other arthropods
(c) Ladybird beetle against aphids
(d) Bt-cotton to increase yield
Answer: (d)
7. This is chiefly produced by the activity of an anaerobic bacteria on sewage
(a) Laughing gas
(b) Propane
(c) Mustard gas
(d) Marsh gas
Answer: (d)
8. For the production of ethanol, the most common substrate used in distilleries is
(a) Soya meal
(b) Molasses
(c) Ground gram
(d) cornmeal
Answer: (b)
9. This is not a biofertilizer
(a) Agrobacterium
(b) Nostoc
(c) Rhizobium
(d) Mycorrhiza
Answer: (a)
10. Carbon dioxide is not released in which of the following processes?
(a) Lactate fermentation
(b) Alcoholic fermentation
(c) Aerobic respiration in animals
(d) Aerobic respiration in plants
Answer: (a)
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