Electromagnetic waves travel in the form of a sinusoidal wave. The measure of the change in its amplitude and phase per unit distance is called the propagation constant. Denoted by the Greek letter 𝜸.
Propagation Constant for an electromagnetic wave is represented as
\(\begin{array}{l}\gamma =\alpha +i\beta\end{array} \)
γ=propogation constant
α=attenuation constant
β=phase constant
The attenuation constant (α) is the real part of the propagation constant. The phase constant(β) is the imaginary part of the propagation constant.
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