RBSE Solutions For Class 10 Social Science Chapter 15: Characteristics and New Trends of Indian Economy | Textbook Important Questions & Answers

The system connecting with the activities of production, trade, consumption etc. of the goods and services of a country or a region is called ‘Economy’. The Indian economy was very poor at the time of independence. The British had damaged Indian agriculture, industries, trade, etc. in the colonial period. When India got freedom, it was the biggest challenge before the Indian economy to proceed rapidly on the path of development. At present, the Indian economy shows mixed characteristics of both undeveloped background and developing economy. To help students to understand Chapter 15 thoroughly, we have provided textbook solutions of the chapter. Go through these RBSE Class 10 solutions of Social Science Chapter 15 and learn the right approach to write a particular answer.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1. What was the per capita National Income of India in the year 2015?

Answer: The per capita National Income of India in the year 2015 was 1590 US Dollars.

Q2. Which factors are used to measure the quality of human life?

Answer: The quality of human life is measured by health and education.

Q3. What was the percentage of Indian workforce engaged in agriculture at the time of independence?

Answer: At the time of independence around 72% of the population engaged in agriculture.

Q4. What was the population growth rate of India during 2001-2011?

Answer: The population growth rate of India during 2001-2011 was 17.64%

Q5. Which institution prepares Human Development Index report for the entire world?

Answer: United States prepares Human Development Index report for the entire world.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 15 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q6. What do you mean by Disinvestment?

Answer: Disinvestment is the process of liquidation of assets in actual form, but in general form it refers to the selling of state’s share from public sector undertaking to private sector. The government or state can sell a part of its share or its entire stake in public sector undertaking to the private sector. The disinvestment programme was started in 1991-1992 for privatization in India. Government got assistance in establishing fiscal discipline through privatization. Competitive power of economy was enhanced due to disinvestment.

Q7. What is the meaning of Globalization?

Answer: Globalization is such a process through which national economies expand out of their political boundaries. Globalization increases economic openness and economic dependence between countries. Free flow of products and services, free flow of capital and consolidated financial market, free flow of labour, free flow of technology and spread of knowledge, between various countries is included in various dimensions of Globalization.

Q8. Mention the advantages of globalization.

Answer: The advantages of globalization are:

  • Increase in Employment: With the opportunity of Special Economic Zones (SEZ), there is an increase in the number of new jobs availability. Including Export Processing Zones (EPZ) Centre in India is very useful in employing thousands of people. Another additional factor in India is cheap labour. This feature motivates big companies in the west to outsource employees from other regions and cause more employment.
  • Increase in Compensation: After Globalisation, the level of compensation has increased as compared to domestic companies due to the skill and knowledge a foreign company offers. This opportunity also emerged as an alternate of the management structure.
  • High Standard of Living: With the outbreak of Globalisation, Indian economy and the standard of living of an individual has increased. This change is notified with the purchasing behaviour of a person, especially with those who are associated with foreign companies. Hence, many cities are undergoing a better standard of living, along with business development.

Q9. Write a note on skill development.

Answer: Labour is the most important resource as compared to all other sources of production. When labour is provided capability and skill through education, health and training, it becomes human wealth. Human wealth refers to skilled, capable, knowledgeable and experienced human resource. It is clear that skill is an important factor in converting human resources into human wealth. Productivity of labour enhances due to skill. Skill refers to the qualification and capability of performing work in an efficient way. Workforce can be made more productive by skill development. It is a well known fact that high level of productivity increase the opportunities of employment for and quality of the workforce. It can be said that availability of skill is a valuable indicator of benefit, production and welfare of the workforce.

Realizing the importance of skill in the development of the country, the Government of India launched the National Skill Development mission on 15th July 2015. The major objective of this mission is to achieve the target of skilled India by providing training in various skills. This is one such initiative of the government of India under which youths are being provided with skills through various training programmes and curriculums. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) alone has helped lakhs of people in making their lives prosperous. Skill development can be regarded as one of the several steps for public welfare taken by the government of India. Through skill development, workforce of India will get numerous benefits and opportunities.

Q10. Mention the reasons due to which the concept of swadeshi has become relevant in today’s age of globalization.

Answer: The concept of swadeshi lost its importance for some time with the beginning of Globalization in early 1990s. Gradually, the developing nations realized that the developed nations ignored the rules of World Trade Organization and did not follow the policy of free trade honestly. Developing nations got some benefits from globalization, but the losses were more in comparison. Due to the pressure of globalization and competition, various Indian industries and trade were destroyed and the problem of unemployment became more severe. Due to international laws and agreements, Indian government does not put effective sanctions on foreign companies. In the absence of judicious globalization, the demand for swadesh again started to rise. In the present time, the increasing spirit of nationalism has made the concept of Swadeshi more meaningful.

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