RBSE Solutions For Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2: India (Bharat) during the Struggle Period | Textbook Important Questions & Answers

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 solutions cover all the important questions given in the textbook. Students should practice from these solutions so that they ace in their exam. All the questions are explained in depth by our team of subject matter experts. These RBSE Class 10 solutions of Social science chapter 2 help students to analyze their preparation level and improve their weak points. It also helps make students familiar with answering problems of difficulty level.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q1. What is the other name of Ghulam Dynasty?

Answer: The other names of Ghulam Dynasty are the Slave Dynasty or Mamluk Dynasty.

Q2. On which post did Razia Sultan appoint Yakoot?

Answer: Razia Sultan appointed Yakoot on the post of Amir-i-akhur.

Q3. Who was the ruler who implemented the policy of ‘Iron and Blood’?

Answer: Balban was the ruler who implemented the policy of ‘Iron and Blood’.

Q4. Who translated Baburnama into the Persian language?

Answer: Mirza ‘Abdur Rahim Khan Khanan translated Baburnama into the Persian language.

RBSE Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 Short Answer Type Questions: Textbook Important Questions and Solutions

Q5. Give a brief introduction of Vijaynagar Empire.

Answer: The five sons of Sangam, out of whom Harihara and Bukka were the most famous, laid the foundation of Vijayanagar kingdom on the northern banks of river Tungabhadra. They were the lords of Kakatiyas of Warangal and later appointed as ministers of Kampili state of modern Karnataka. After the destruction of Kampili state, Muhammad Tughluq had imprisoned both these brothers and they were released later. With the efforts of their guru Vidyaranya, they were sanctified and they established an independent Vijayanagar empire which shortly became the most powerful empire of South India. Today, its capital Vijayanagar can be identified from the remains called Hampi, which have been recognized as a World Heritage Protection site by UNESCO.

Harihara was enthroned in 1336 AD. He annexed the entire Hoysala region into Vijayanagar in 1346 AD. Bukka extended the Vijayanagar Empire towards the entire south India, Rameshwaram, Tamil and Cher region He ruled till 1377 AD. Harihara II (1377 1406 AD) was the successor of Bukka. During his reign, he confronted the Muslim rulers. He was the worshipper of “Virupaksha” form of Lord Shiva. During his reign, the Vijayanagar Empire extended up to entire South India including Mysore, Vanara, Tiruchanapalli and Kanchipuram. Just like Harihara II, Deva Raya I (1406-1422 AD) was also defeated by the Bahmani Sultans. Bukka’s son Deva Raya II ruled from 1422 AD to 1426 AD. He attained the title “Gajabetkar” (the hunter of elephants). In order to confront the Bahmani Empire, he recruited Muslims for the first time in his army. Italian traveller Niccolo de Conti and Persian ambassador Abdur Razzaq visited Vijayanagar during this period. In this period, the Vijayanagar Empire had extended up to the seacoast of Ceylon (Sri Lanka). The last rulers of this empire were Mallikarjuna and Virupaksha, respectively.

Q6. Who was Banda Bairagi?

Answer: Madho Das Singh was the real name of Banda Bairagi (Bahadur). He was born in a Rajput family in 1670 AD and used to reside in an Ashram situated on the banks of river Godavari. While residing in the South, Guru Gobind Singh called himself as Guru’s disciple (Banda) and was thus known as Banda Bahadur. With the permission of his Guru, he reached Punjab to complete the remaining work of the guru. At that time, the people of Punjab were suffering due to the atrocities of Subedar Wazir Khan. All these people organized under the leadership of Banda.

Q7. Write the name of the five plans implemented by Muhammad Tughluq.

Answer: The name of the five plans implemented by Muhammad Tughluq are:

a. Heavy taxation in the Doab

b. Transfer of the capital

c. Issue of token currency

d. Bribing to Mongols

e. Plan to conquer Khurasan and Iraq

f. The Quarajal expedition

g. The Deccan Policy.

Q8. Who adorned Farid with the title of ‘Sher Khan’ and why?

Answer: Hasan Khan was a landlord of Sasaram (Bihar) (under Jaunpur region). Hasan Khan’s son Farid (Sher Khan) was the founder of the Sur Empire. An unarmed Farid killed a lion, thus was adorned with the title of Sher Khan by the ruler of South Bihar-Bahar Khan.

Q9. What do you know about Rao Shekha?

Answer: Maha Rao Shekha was born on 24″ September, 1433 AD. Rao Mokal was the chieftain of Nan in Amer (Jaipur) state. At the age of 12, Shekha took up his father’s responsibilities in 1445 AD. Udaikaran, the ruler of Amer (Jaipur) had adorned Shekha with the title of Maharao. At the age of 16, he performed a sudden attack on Sankhla Rajputs of Naharchal, Multan and Sevar and emerged victorious. This was the first successful expedition of Maha Rao. From 1473 AD to 1477 AD, Rao Shekha took assistance from Pani Pathans and gained victory on Nopsingh Jatu up to Dadri and on other Jatu Rajputs. He extended the boundaries of his empire by gaining victory on Istarkhan till Hansi and by occupying Hisar from Heda Khan Kayamkhani. He made Amersar his capital in 1449 AD. Shekha built the temple of Lord Jagdish in Amersar and Shikargarh Fort in 1477 AD.

He died at Ralawata in 1488 AD, where a chhatri (cenotaph) has been built in his memory. Maha Rao Shekha fought 52 battles in his lifetime. He is considered to be the founder of Shekhawat sub-clan of Kachwaha dynasty and his wife Ganga Kumari built Kalyanji temple in front of Amersar fort.

Q10. Describe the role of Shivaji in the emergence of Marathas.

Answer: Shivaji was born on 20th April, 1627 AD in Shivner Fort. At the young age of 12, Shivaji inherited the estate of Pune from his father. In 1646 AD, at the age of 19, he formed a group of some Mavala comrades and won Raigarh and Chakan from Bijapur’s Sultan and in 1647 AD he also occupied Baramati, Indrapur, Singhgarh and Purandar fort. In 1656 AD, Shivaji also occupied Konkan’s Kalyan and Javali fort. In 1656 AD he made Raigarh his capital. Being concerned by Shivaji’s policy of extension of empire, Bijapur’s Sultan sent his commander Afzal Khan to eliminate him. During the talks of alliance, Afzal Khan tried to betray Shivaji, as a result Shivaji slit his stomach using a Baghnakha.

In 1659 AD, Aurangzeb appointed Deccan’s Mughal Viceroy Shaista Khan to eliminate Shivaji in 1663 AD. Shaista Khan occupied Pune which was Shivaji’s centre of administration. But shortly after this, Shivaji attacked Shaista Khan’s camp in the night time, from where Shaista Khan had to run away. In 1664 AD, Shivaji looted Surat which was occupied by the Mughals. Angered by these activities, Aurangzeb sent his minister, King of Amer, Mirza Jai Singh and Dilner Khan. Mughal army occupied several forts of Shivaji. Being helpless, Shivaji entered into a treaty with Jai Singh in 1665 AD which is renowned as the Treaty of Purander. Following were the provisions of this treaty-

  • Shivaji surrendered 23 out of his 35 forts to the Mughals and kept merely 12 forts with himself.
  • Shivaji’s elder son Sambhaji was appointed as Paanch Hajari Mansabdar.

King Jai Singh convinced Shivaji to attend the Mughal court in Agra and told him that he would be appointed as the Subedar of Mughal subas in the South. In May, 1666 AD, Shivaji visited the royal court, but he was insulated as if he was a lowly Mansabdar and he was also interned. But in November, 1666 AD he secretly went away from the prison along with his son Sambhaji and reached home safely. The following year, Aurangzeb entitled Shivaji as the king and granted him the estate of Barar. Shivaji maintained peace for two years. But in 1670 AD, he revolted and reoccupied all those forts which had earlier been occupied by the Mughals. Ensuring security to local Mughal officers in some parts of Khandesh, he made a written agreement of collecting Chauth (one-fourth part of income) from them. In 1670 AD, he looted Surat again. In 1674 AD in Raigarh Fort, he enthroned himself as the independent king of Maharashtra and assumed the title of ’Chhatrapati’.

Shivaji died in 1680 AD. At that time, his Maratha Empire extended across the entire Western Karnataka from Belgaon to the banks of river Tungabhadra. In this way, even after facing strong opposition from Mughal power, Bijapur’s Sultan, Protuguese from Goa and sea pirates of Abyssinia in Janjira, Shivaji managed to establish an independent Hindu empire. So, the role of Shivaji in the emergence of Marathas was very crucial.

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