In the process of translation, the nucleotide triplets, referred to as codons, present on the mRNA will be translated into an amino acid sequence. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic translations are involved in protein synthesis. The key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic translation is that eukaryotic translation and transcription is an asynchronous process, whereas prokaryotic translation and transcription is a synchronous process. The table below gives the Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Translation.
Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Translation
| Prokaryotic Translation | Eukaryotic Translation |
| Definition | |
| The translation & transcription process is synchronous | The translation and transcription process is discontinuous |
| mRNA | |
| Cytoplasm | Nucleus |
| Cap initiation | |
| Cap-independent | Cap-dependent and Cap-independent |
| Performed by | |
| 70S ribosomes | 80S ribosomes |
| Stability of mRNA | |
| Unstable | Stable |
| Ribosomes | |
| 30S & 50S = 70S | 40S & 60S = 80S |
| Lifespan of mRNA | |
| A few seconds to 2 minutes | A few hours to days |
| Occurrence | |
| No definite phase | G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle |
| Process | |
| Fast | Slow |
| Release factor | |
| RF1, RF2 | eRF |
| Initiation factors | |
| 3 | 9 |
Hope you are now clear on the Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Translation. For more Biology concepts, register at BYJU’S – The Learning App
Some important links:
| DNA Transcription mRNA | Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cell |
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