Uremia is a clinical condition which is characterised by high levels of urea in the blood. Urea is an important component of urine. The word Uremia refers to urine in blood and was first used by Pierre Adolphe Piorry to express clinical condition associated with renal failure.
Uremia is a chronic kidney disease at later stages but can also happen either by acute renal failure or by kidney injury. Not a single uremic toxin has been identified yet which accounts for the clinical manifestations of uremia. Various toxins like beta-2-microglobulin, parathyroid hormone and advanced glycosylation along with other molecules contribute to the clinical syndrome.
What is Kidney Failure?
The function of kidney is to excrete unwanted products which are the result of the human body metabolism. Urea is among the major by-products of the metabolism. Kidneys eliminate by extracting the unwanted products from the blood and sending it to the bladder along the ureter.
When the kidney fails to function, the waste products get accumulated in the blood resulting in azotemia.
Mild levels of azotemia may show no symptoms but when the kidney failure prolongs the symptoms start to emerge.
When kidney failure has enough degree to cause symptoms, it is known as Uremia. Intense hypoglycemic reactions may cause in diabetes patients if hyperglycemia medications are not taken appropriately for the clearance of creatinine in the individual.
Renal failure refers to the bone disease that may lead to increased risk of osteoporosis with trauma. Decreased medication in persons with renal failure leads to unexpected adverse effects like an overdose of digoxin, higher sensitivity to narcotics and lowered excretion of normal medications.
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