Yarn to Fabric

What is Yarn?

Yarns are the continuous, strands produced from a short and staple fibres. These materials vary in their sizes and texture and form a suitable for knitting, weaving or otherwise intertwining to form textile fabrics.

They are made from both natural and synthetic fibres.

Properties of Yarn

The properties of yarn are as follows:

• Plasticity
• Elasticity
• Elongation
• Strength variation in yarn
• Processing efficiency of yarn
• Twist variations

Types of Yarn

There are three main types of Yarns:

• Stapled
• Simple or complex
• Single or plied or cord

Yarns are usually twisted tightly by the rollers to hold the fibres together. The size, number and the weight of the yarn vary with the types of fibres from which they are produced. These yarns can be produced both from the natural or synthetic fibres.

Also read: Fibre to fabric

Yarn to Fabric

The fabrics are the flexible materials, which consists of a network of natural or artificial fibres, produced by weaving cotton, nylon, jute, wool, silk, or other threads together.

The two common methods used for producing Fabrics are:

Knitting

It is a process of producing fabric by the joining or interlinking of loops of one set of yarn. Different fabrics including the T-shirts, Sweaters, coats, shawls are all produced by the process of Knitting.

Knitted fabrics are very popular and can be very easily produced either from the yarn or any other fibres including cotton, nylon, woollen and the polyester.

There are different types of knitting techniques and are produced both by computerized and machine-based knitting.

The process of knitting is given below:

The yarn package is placed in the creel.

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Yarn feeding

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Set the design

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Knitting

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The rolled fabric is withdrawn and weighed

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Mark the roll

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Inspect

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Number

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Dispatch

Weaving

It is a process of producing fabric by the interweaving of warp and weft yarn. It is mainly used to make woven fabrics. All Trousers are produced by the process of weaving.

There are two methods used for weaving the yarn:

• Lengthwise Weaving – In this method of weaving, the yarn is weaved up and down or lengthwise or longitudinal in the body of clothing. It is also called as the warp.
• Crosswise Weaving – In this method of weaving, the yarn is weaved across the body of clothing. It is also called as the weft or filling of yarns.

Types of Weaving

There are three basic types of weaving:

• Plain Weave – In this type of weaving, the yarn is weaved one above the other. This method of weaving is strong, durable and easy to sew. It is the most basic type of weaving used for fashion and furnishing fabrics.
• Twill Weave – In this type of weaving, the yarn is passed or glides over one or more yarns in the same direction.it is a type of diagonal parallel ribs. This method of weaving is durable, more attractive and wrinkle-free.
• Satin Weave – It is produced by the interweaving of warp and weft yarn. This type of weaving is characterized by four or more fill to give a smooth, shiny and droppable fabrics.

Also read: Spinning of a cotton yarn

This was a brief introduction to the Fabrics, Yarn and its process. For more information about this yarn to fabric process, stay tuned with BYJU’S Biology.