What are the positive and negative effects of urbanization?

Positive Effects of Urbanization:

• Creation of employment opportunities
• Technological and infrastructural advancements
• Improved transportation and communication
• Quality educational and medical facilities
• Improved standards of living

Negative effects of urbanisation:

• Population increase causes housing problems.
• Overcrowding
• Unemployment
• Development of Slums
• Water and Sanitation Problems
• Poor Health and Spread of Diseases
• Traffic Congestion
• Urban Crime

Further Reading:

• Geography Notes
• UN-Habitat: UPSC Notes