Magma Chamber:
Magma tends to be less dense than the layers of rock it forms in. As a result, it moves upward toward Earth’s surface via any path it can find. When it reaches an area where rock layers don’t allow an upward path, it will collect in a large pool that scientists call a magma chamber. Magma chambers are under such great pressure that, over time, they can eventually break the rock surrounding the chamber. When this happens, magma can find its way to the surface via a volcanic eruption.
Mantle plume:
A mantle plume is a vast column of superheated rock hundreds of miles below the earth surface. Mantle plumes may originate from the boundary between Earth’s mantle and core, nearly 3000 km (about 1850 mi) beneath the surface. They are suspected in several places around the planet, like Hawaii, the Galapagos, and Iceland.
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