What was the reason behind the abolition of the evil practice of untouchability?

• Untouchability is indeed a harmful practice that has been deeply ingrained in the Indian caste system, particularly in the lower castes. Individuals are subjected to social exclusion, discrimination, and marginalization.
• Despite the limited literal meaning of the word, the institution of ‘untouchability’ refers not just to the avoidance or prohibition of physical contact but to a much broader set of social sanctions.
• So, Article 17 of the Constitution states that untouchability has been abolished. It means that no one can henceforth prevent Dalits from educating themselves, entering temples, using public facilities etc. It also means that it is wrong to practise untouchability and that this practice will not be tolerated by a democratic government. In fact, untouchability is a punishable crime now.

Further Reading:

• Constituent Assembly Debate on Untouchability
• Fundamental Rights – Articles 12-35