Which of these reactions are possible?
a. A and D
b. B and D
c. B, C and D
d. A and B
In aryl halides, due to the partial double bond character generated by chlorine, the aryl cation is not formed.
Vinyl halides do not give Friedel-Crafts reaction, because the intermediate that is generated (vinyl cation) is not stable.
Answer: b
The major product B is:
During trisubstitution, the acetanilide group attached to the benzene ring is more electron donating than the methyl group attached, owing to +M effect, and therefore, the incoming electrophile would prefer ortho w.r.t the acetanilide group.
Answer: A
3. For the following reactions,
ks and ke are respectively the rate constants for substitution and elimination, and μ = ks/ke, the correct option is
a. μA > μB and ke(A) > ke(B)
b. μB > μA and ke(A) > ke(B)
c. μA > μB and ke(B) > ke(A)
d. μB > μA and ke(B) > ke(A)
The base CH3 CH20– favours substitution reaction over elimination reaction and thus 𝑘(A) <ks(𝐴).
Since the bulkier base tertiary butoxide (B) favours elimination reaction over substitution reaction, 𝑘 (B) is higher. Since μ = ks/ke , μA will be greater as it is having lower 𝑘𝑒 value.
Answer: c
a. Gluconic acid can form cyclic (acetal/hemiacetal) structure
b. Gluconic acid is a dicarboxylic acid
c. Gluconic acid is obtained by oxidation of glucose with HNO3
d. Gluconic acid is a partial oxidation product of glucose
The gluconic acid formed is a monocarboxylic acid which is formed during the partial oxidation of glucose. Glucose on reaction with HNO3 will give glucaric acid:
Glucose on partial reduction will give gluconic acid.
Answer: d
a. (C) > (A) > (B)
b. (C) > (B) > (A)
c. (B) > (A) > (C)
d. (B) > (C) > (A)
Higher the delocalization of the negative charge, more will be the stability of the anion.
a. The negative charge is stabilized only through –I effect exhibited by the – NO2 group.
b. The negative charge is stabilized by the delocalization of the double bond and the –I effect exhibited by the – NO2 group.
c. The negative charge is stabilized by extended conjugation.
Answer: b
6. In the following reaction sequence, structures of A and B, respectively will be:
Answer. a
a. (B), (A) and (C)
b. (C), (A) and (B)
c. (B), (C) and (A)
d. (A), (B) and (C)
Since the column is eluted with the solvent having more proportion of ethyl acetate, the more polar compound will come out first.
The order of polarity in the given compounds is ; acetophenone > benzanilide > aniline.
(Dipolemoment (μ) of acetophenone = 3.05 D, benzanilide = 2.71 D and aniline = 1.59 D).
Answer: b
Note: A and B are unidentate neutral and unidentate monoanionic ligands, respectively.
a. 0 and 1
b. 0 and 0
c. 2 and 2
d. 0 and 2
Case 1: If M is sp3 hybridized, the geometry will be tetrahedral. There will be a plane of symmetry and thus it does not show optical activity.
Case 2: If M is dsp2 hybridized, the geometry will be square planar. Due to the presence of a plane of symmetry, it does not show optical activity.
Answer: b
a. 3, paramagnetic
b. 2.5, diamagnetic
c. 3, diamagnetic
d. 2.5, paramagnetic
CN– is a 14 electron system. The bond order and magnetism can be predicted using MOT. The MOT electronic configuration of CN– is:
Bond order = ½ ( Nbonding – Nantibonding) = 3
As CN– does not have any unpaired electrons, and hence it is diamagnetic.
Answer: c
a. λ0mNaBr – λ0mNaI = λ0mKBr – λ0mNaBr
b. λ0mNaBr – λ0mNaCl = λ0mKBr – λ0mKCl
c. λ0mKCl – λ0mNaCl = λ0mKBr – λ0mNaBr
d. λ0mH2O = λ0mHCl + λ0mNaOH – λ0mNaBr
λ0mNaI – λ0mNaBr = λ0mNaBr – λ0mKBr
[λ0m Na+ + λ0m I–] – [λ0m Na+ + λ0m Br–] = [λ0m Na+ + λ0m Br–] – [λ0m K+ +λ 0m Br–]λ0m I– – λ0m Br– ≠ λ0m Na+ – λ0m K+
Answer: a
NaOH + Cl2 -> (A) + side products (hot & conc.)
Ca(OH)2+ Cl2 -> (B) + side products (dry)
a. NaClO3 and Ca(ClO3)2
b. NaOCl and Ca(ClO3)2
c. NaOCl and Ca(OCl)2
d. NaClO3 and Ca(OCl)2
6NaOH + 3Cl2 -> 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O
2Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 -> Ca(OCl)2 + CaCl2 + H2O
Answer: d
a. the volume of the solution and the solvent does not change
b. the volume of the solution increases and the volume of the solvent decreases
c. the volume of the solution decreases and the volume of the solvent increases
d. the volume of the solution does not change and the volume of the solvent decreases
Consider beaker I contains the solvent and beaker 2 contains the solution. Let the vapour pressure of the beaker I be Po and the vapour pressure of beaker II be Ps . According to Raoult’s law, the vapour pressure of the solvent (Po ) is greater than the vapour pressure of the solution (Ps )
(Po > Ps)
Due to a higher vapour pressure, the solvent flows into the solution. So volume of beaker II would increase. In a closed beaker, both the liquids on attaining equilibrium with the vapour phase will end up having the same vapour pressure. Beaker II attains equilibrium at a lower vapour pressure and so in its case, condensation will occur so as to negate the increased vapour pressure from beaker I, which results in an increase in its volume.
On the contrary, since particles are condensing from the vapour phase in beaker II, the vapour pressure will decrease. Since beaker I at equilibrium attains a higher vapour pressure evaporation will be favoured more so as to compensate for the decreased vapour pressure, as mentioned in the previous statement.
Answer: b
a. vapour phase refining
b. distillation
c. liquation
d. zone refining
Liquation is the process of refining a metal with a low melting point containing impurities of high melting point.
Answer: c
I. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide gives dioxygen
II. Like hydrogen peroxide, compounds, such as KClO3, Pb(NO3)2 and NaNO3 when heated liberate dioxygen.
III. 2-Ethylanthraquinone is useful for the industrial preparation of hydrogen peroxide.
IV. Hydrogen peroxide is used for the manufacture of sodium perborate
a. I,II, III and IV
b. I, II and III only
c. I, III and IV only
d. I and III only
Decomposition of H2O2 : 2H2O2(l) → O2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Industrially, H2O2 is prepared by the auto-oxidation of 2-alklylanthraquinols.
2NaNO3 -> 2NaNO2 + O2
Synthesis of sodium perborate:
Na2B4O7 + 2NaOH + 4H2O2 -> 2NaBO3 + 5H2O
Answer:a
a. formation of ozone from atmospheric oxygen in the presence of sunlight
b. reaction of H2SO4 with NaOH
c. combination of dinitrogen with dioxygen at 2000 K
d. Reaction of [Co(H2O)6]Cl3 withAgNO3
N2 + O2 (at 2000K) 2NO
The oxidation state of N changes from 0 to +2, and the oxidation state of O
changes from 0 to -2
In all the remaining reactions, there is no change in oxidation states of the elements participating in the reaction.
3O2 -> 2O3
2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O (Neutralisation reaction)
3 AgNO3 + [Co(H2O)6]Cl3 -> [Co(H2O)6](NO3)3 + 3 AgCl (Double displacement)
Answer: c
Root mean square speed (Vrms); most probable speed (Vmps); average speed (Vav)
a. A = Vmps, B = Vav, C = Vrms
b. A = Vmps, B = Vrms, C = Vav
c. A = Vav, B = Vrms, C = Vmps
d. A = Vrms, B = Vmps, C = Vav
CRMS = √(3RT/M)
CAverage = √(8RT/M)
CMPS = √(2RT/M)
√3 > √(8/) > √2
CRMS > CAverage > CMPS
Answer:a
2H2(g) + 2NO(g) -> N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
The observed rate expression is, rate = kf[NO]2[H2]. The rate expression for the reverse reaction is:
a. kb[N2][H2O]2
b. kb[N2][H2O]
c. kb[N2][H2O]2/[H2]
d. kb[N2][H2O]2/[NO]
The reverse reaction is:
2H2(g) + 2NO(g) ⇌ N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
The equilibrium constant,
Kc = kf/kb =
At equilibrium, rate of forward reaction = rate of backward reaction
i.e., kf[NO]2[H2] = kb[N2][H2O]2/[H2]
Hence, rate of reverse reaction =
a. Cl, Se and Na
b. Cl, S and Li
c. F, S and Li
d. F, Se and Na
|
Element |
First Electron gain enthalpy(kJ/mol) |
|
Li |
-60 |
|
Na |
-53 |
|
F |
-320 |
|
S |
-200 |
|
Cl |
-340 |
|
Se |
-195 |
Despite F being more electronegative than Cl, due to the small size of F, Cl would have a more negative value of electron gain enthalpy because of inter-electronic repulsions.
As we go down the group, the negative electron gain enthalpy decreases.
Answer: b
A. Octahedral Co(III) complexes with strong field ligands have high magnetic moments
B. When Δo < P, the d- electron configuration of Co(III) in an octahedral complex is t42g , e2g
C. Wavelength of light absorbed by [Co(en)3]3+is lower than that of [CoF6]3−.
D. If the Δ0 for an octahedral complex of Co(III) is 18000 cm−1, the Δt for its tetrahedral complex with the same ligand will be16000 cm−1 .
a. B and C only
b. A and B only
c. A and D only
d. C and D only
Co3+ has d6 electronic configuration. In the presence of strong field ligand, Δo > P. Thus the splitting occurs as: t62g , e0g; so the magnetic moment is zero.
According to the spectrochemical series, en is a stronger ligand than F and therefore promotes pairing. This implies that the Δo of en is more than the Δo of F.
Δo = hc/abs
Δt = (4/9) Δ0
= 8000 cm-1
Answer: c
a. 200 mL of 0.2 N HCl
b. 200 mL of 0.4 N HCl
c. 100 mL of 0.1 N HCl
d. 100 mL of 0.2 N HCl
Moles of urea = 0.6/ 60 = 0.01
NH2CONH2+2NaOH -> Na2CO3+2NH3
0.02 moles of NH3 reacts with 0.02 moles of HCl.
Moles of HCl in option a = 0.2(100/1000) = 0.02
Answer: d
The marked carbons are sp2 hybridised.
Answer: 9
20 mL of this solution ½ mL of 5 M NaOH is added. The pH of this solution is:
(Given: log 3 = 0.4771, pKa of acetic acid = 4.74, molar mass of acetic acid = 60 g/mole).
mmole of acetic acid in 20 mL = 2
mmole of HCl in 20 mL = 1
mmole of NaOH = 2.5
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O
CH3COOH + NaOH (remaining) -> CH3COONa + water
pH = pKa + log (1.5/0.5) = 4.74 + log 3 = 4.74 + 0.48 = 5.22
Answer: 5.22
For 1L sol 30 mmol of HCl is required.
For 1L sol 15 mmol of H2SO4 is required .
For 250 mL of sol, (15/4)×98 ×10-3 g of H2SO4 = 0.3675 g
Answer: 0.3675 g
NaCl+K2Cr2O7+ H2SO4 -> (A)+side products
(A)+NaOH ->(B)+side products
(B)+H2SO4(dil.)+H2O2 ->(C)+side products
The sum of the total number of atoms in one molecule of (A),(B) & (C) is
(A) = CrO2Cl2,(B) = Na2CrO4 and (C) = CrO5
Answer: 18
C(graphite) + O2(g) → CO2(g)
ΔHc°=−286 kJ/mol…………………….(1)
H2(g)+ 0.5O2(g)→H2O(l)
ΔHc°= −393.5 kJ/mol ………………(2)
C2H6(g) + 3.5O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)
ΔHc°= −1560 kJ/mol …. (3)
2C(graphite)+3H2(g)→ C2𝐻6(g) ;
ΔH𝑓°= ?
By inverting (3) and multiplying (1) by 2 and (2) by 3 and adding, we get,
2 × (–286) + 3 × (–393.5) – (–1560) = –192.5 kJ/mol
Answer: -192.5 kJ/mol
Video Lessons – January 7 Shift 2 Chemistry
JEE Main 2020 Chemistry Paper January 7 Shift 2
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