Gymnosperms have ovules that are exposed. Cycas and Pinus both belong to Gymnosperms. While Cycas belong to the group Cycads, Pinus belongs to Conifers. Both possess different types of roots varying in species.
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Key Differences between Cycas and Pinus
The table below depicts the differences between Cycas and Pinus.
|
Cycas |
Pinus |
|
Appearance |
|
|
Small, palm-like trees. |
Tall and branched. |
|
Stem |
|
|
Thick, columnar, cylindrical and branched |
Strong, branched, cylindrical and scaly. |
|
Leaves |
|
|
Large, Pinnately compound leaves, spirally arranged, circinate venation . |
Needle-like or scaly leaves. |
|
Annual rings |
|
|
Does not develop. |
Develops. |
|
Roots |
|
|
Taproots, coralloid roots |
Taproots and mycorrhizal roots |
|
Resin ducts |
|
|
Absent |
Present |
|
Mucilage ducts |
|
|
Seen in mesophyll tissue. |
Absent |
|
Vasculature of roots |
|
|
Diarch to tetrarch |
Diarch to hexarch |
|
Cambium |
|
|
Primary cambium is short-lived. Continuous cambial rings go on forming concentric zones of xylem. |
Primary cambium persists. The cambium produces a continuous cylinder of secondary xylem. |
|
Vegetative reproduction |
|
|
Present (Bulbils) |
Absent |
|
Plant sexuality |
|
|
Dioecious with unisexual plants. |
Monoecious with unisexual plants. |
|
Male cones |
|
|
Large, terminal having many microsporophylls. |
Small, clustered. |
|
Microspores |
|
|
Not winged. |
Winged |
|
Female cones |
|
|
A whorl of loosely organized megasporophylls. |
Compact, organized as an inflorescence. |
|
Ovules |
|
|
Sessile or sub-sessile. |
Only Sessile. |
|
Position of micropyle |
|
|
Tip of sporophyte. |
Base of scale. |
|
Micropylar tube |
|
|
Present |
Absent |
|
Megasporophylls |
|
|
Large, each having 1-5 ovules. |
Possesses 2 ovules. |
|
Embryo |
|
|
Develops one embryo. |
Develops 4 embryos, ultimately one becomes functional. |
|
Male gametes |
|
|
Motile |
Non-motile |
|
Cleavage embryony |
|
|
Absent |
Present |
|
Germination |
|
|
Hypogeal germination |
Epigeal germination |
|
Seed |
|
|
Two cotyledons, non-winged, testa coloured and fleshy. |
Many cotyledons, winged, testa dry. |
|
Perisperm |
|
|
Absent |
Present |
|
Nucellar beak and pollen chamber |
|
|
Present |
Absent |
|
Girdle traces |
|
|
Present in the cortex of the stem. |
Absent |
|
Transfusion tissue |
|
|
Well developed in the leaves. |
Less developed. |
|
Wall formation |
|
|
Oospore splits by free nuclear division; wall formation begins when several nuclei form. |
Starts at the attainment of the eight-nucleate stage. |
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