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The reproductive systems of both human males and females are controlled by hormones that are produced in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and their respective sex organs. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) — a stimulatory hormone — is released from the hypothalamus and travels to the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the release of two gonadotropic hormones: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH).

Though LH and FSH have been touted as female hormones, they are released in both males and females and play very important roles.

Role of Hormones

At the onset of puberty, the production and release of GnRH is stimulated in the hypothalamus. GnRH, in turn, stimulates the release of FSH and LH by pituitary into the male reproductive system.

FSH makes an entry into the testes and stimulates Sertoli cells to begin the process of spermatogenesis. LH also enters the testes and stimulates Leydig cells to produce and release testosterone in the blood.

Testosterone is a hormone that induces the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males such as facial hair, pubic hair and deepening of the voice. It also stimulates spermatogenesis.

Negative Feedback of the Male Hormones

The three hormones, GnRH, FSH and LH are inhibited by the hormone inhibin that is produced by the Sertoli cells itself. This is a phenomenon of negative feedback. As the levels of sperm begin to rise, inhibin suppresses the release of GnRH and FSH. Conversely, when the sperm levels are low, the Sertoli cells cease the production of inhibin, and spermatogenesis begins again.

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Also Read:

• Hormonal Control of the Female Reproductive System
• Definition, Function & Hormones Of Gonads
• Male Reproductive System- Structure and Its Functions