MCQs On Equilibrium State

The existence of thermodynamic equilibrium states is a fundamental postulate of thermodynamics. The thermodynamic equilibrium comprises the thermal equilibrium and other forms of equilibrium depending on the type of thermodynamics system. A mechanical system in thermodynamic equilibrium is in thermal equilibrium and in mechanical equilibrium. The internal equilibrium means that there is no heat flows between the various parts of the system so that they all must have the same temperature. All parts of a system in thermal equilibrium have the same temperature. If the object of study is a mechanical system, the thermodynamic equilibrium will also comprise mechanical equilibrium.

1. Equimolar solutions of the following compounds are prepared separately in water. Which will have the lowest pH value?

1. BeCl₂
2. SrCl₂
3. CaCl₂
4. MgCl₂

Answer: (a)

2. Addition of which chemical will decrease the hydrogen ion concentration of an acetic acid solution?

1. NH₄Cl
2. Al₂(SO₄)₃
3. AgNO₃
4. NaCN

Answer: (d)

3. In some solutions, the concentration of H₃O⁺ remains constant even when small amounts of strong acid or strong base are added to them. These solutions are known as

1. ideal solution
2. colloidal solution
3. true solution
4. buffer solution

Answer: (d)

4. All compounds are in equilibrium in a reversible reaction. If reactants are doubled in concentration the equilibrium constant would be

1. reduced to half its original value
2. reduced to one-fourth of its original value
3. doubled
4. constant

Answer: (d)

5. The solubility of Fe(OH)₃ would be maximum in

1. 0.1M NaOH
2. 0.1M HCl
3. 0.01M KOH
4. 0.1M H₂SO₄

Answer: (d)

6. Which of the following sulphides has the largest value of Ksp?

1. CuS
2. CdS
3. PbS
4. ZnS

Answer: (d)

7. According to Le Chatelier’s principle adding heat to a solid and liquid in equilibrium will cause the

1. amount of solid to decrease
2. amount of liquid to decrease
3. temperature to rise
4. temperature to fall

Answer: (a)

8. 0.1M solution of which of the substances will be basic?

1. sodium borate
2. ammonium chloride
3. calcium nitrate
4. sodium sulphate

Answer: (a)

9. At a certain temperature 2HI ⥨ H₂ + I₂ only 50% HI is dissociated at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant is

1. 0.25
2. 1.0
3. 3.0
4. 0.6

Answer: (a)

10. Which has the highest degree of ionization?

1. 0.1M NH₃
2. 0.001M NH₃
3. 0.1M NH₃
4. 0.0001M NH₃

Answer: (d)

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