The major difference between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet is that the former can have a magnetic field when electric current flows through it and disappears when the flow of the current stops. On the other hand, permanent magnets are made up of magnetic material that is magnetised and has its own magnetic field. It will always display the magnetic behaviour.
Difference Between Electromagnet and Permanent Magnet
As the name suggests permanent magnet magnetic field is permanent and electromagnets magnetic field depends upon the flow of the electrical current. The electromagnet constitutes a coil made of wire which acts as a magnet when current is passed through it. Usually, a ferromagnetic material like steel is wrapped by an electromagnet to enhance its magnetic field.
| Difference Between Electromagnet and Permanent Magnet | |
|---|---|
| Electromagnet | Permanent Magnet |
| The magnetic properties are displayed when current is passed through it | Magnetic properties exist when the material is magnetised |
| The strength is adjusted depending upon the amount of flow of current | The strength depends upon the nature of the material used in its creation |
| Removal of magnetic properties is temporary | Once magnetic properties are lost, it becomes useless |
| It requires a continuous supply of electricity to maintain its magnetic field. | It doesn’t require a continuous supply of electricity to maintain its magnetic field |
| It is usually made of soft materials | It is usually made of hard materials |
| The poles of this kind of magnet can be altered with the flow of current | The poles of this kind of magnet cannot be changed. |
These were some differences between an electromagnet and a permanent magnet. If you wish to find out more, download BYJU’S – The learning app.
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| Permanent Magnets and Magnetic Behaviour | Electromagnetism |
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