The electromagnetic interaction is one of the four basic interactions in our Universe. The interaction includes all the physical processes related to electric fields, electricity, and magnetism. Electromagnetism builds the fundamental core for numerous science fields, including optics, solid-state physics, chemistry, etc. Every electromagnetic activity evolves from the interplay of particles with an intrinsic magnetic moment, the electromagnetic field and electrically charged particles.
Electromagnetism is a field of physics that deals with the study of the electromagnetic force, a form of physical interaction that exists between electrically active particles. Electromagnetic phenomena are represented in terms of electromagnetic forces. It is also called the Lorent force. It includes both magnetism and electricity as different forms of the same phenomenon. The electromagnetic force has a major influence in determining the internal characteristics of most bodies encountered in nature. The electromagnetic attraction between orbital electrons and their atomic nuclei holds atoms together. These forces cause chemical bonds between different atoms, which form various molecules, and intermolecular forces. The electromagnetic force controls most chemical phenomena, which comes from the interactions between adjacent and nearby atoms. Electromagnetism is extensively used in modern science and technology. The electromagnetic theory is the foundation of electronics and electrical power engineering.
Fundamental Qualities In Electromagnetism
Electromagnetic Field
An electromagnetic field is a physical aura generated by charged particles and particles possessing a magnetic moment. The physical field does not carry a magnetic moment or electric charge. However, it does possess momentum and energy. It can transfer the momentum and energy to charged particles and particles possessing a magnetic moment. Sometimes, it can also annihilate or create particles. The electromagnetic field has two components. One is the electric field, and the other is the magnetic field. The two components act as an inseparable single unified field.
Intrinsic Magnetic Moment
Even though there is no evidence for the magnetic charge, some basic particles possess an inert magnetic property called intrinsic magnetic moment. Particles with a magnetic moment, like an electron, can approximately be considered as a tiny small bar magnet. A permanent magnet is an accumulation of particles with ordered magnetic moments.
The behaviour of a Magnetic Field
The production and behaviour are encapsulated by four laws, known as Maxwell’s equations:
- An electrically activated particle generates an electric field. This is the working principle of basic electric circuits, spark plugs, capacitors, etc. This principle is called Gauss’s Law. A magnetically charged particle does not exist. So, in reality, many theoretically probable genres of magnetic fields do not exist. The concept is called Gauss’s Law for magnetism.
- A varying magnetic field produces an electric field. This is the working law behind transformers, microphones, electric generators, etc. This law is called Faraday’s Law of Induction.
- An electric charge in motion generates a magnetic field. This principle is called Ampère’s Law. A varying electric field produces a magnetic field. When both laws are combined, it is called the Ampère-Maxwell Law.
The video explains the fundamental concepts of electromagnetism.
Important Electromagnetism Questions with Answers
1) What is meant by electromagnetism?
The electromagnetic interaction is one of the four basic interactions in our Universe. The interaction includes all the physical processes related to electric fields, electricity, and magnetism. Electromagnetism builds the fundamental core for numerous science fields, including optics, solid-state physics, chemistry, etc. Every electromagnetic activity evolves from the interplay of particles with an intrinsic magnetic moment, the electromagnetic field and electrically charged particles.
Electromagnetism is a field of physics that deals with the study of electromagnetic force, a form of physical interaction that happens between electrically active particles.
2) Explain the electromagnetic forces.
Electromagnetic phenomena are represented in terms of electromagnetic forces. It is also called the Lorent force. It includes both magnetism and electricity as different forms of the same phenomenon. The electromagnetic force has a major influence in determining the internal characteristics of most bodies encountered in nature. The electromagnetic attraction between orbital electrons and their atomic nuclei holds atoms together. These forces cause chemical bonds between different atoms, which form various molecules, and intermolecular forces. The electromagnetic force controls most chemical phenomena, which comes from the interactions between adjacent and nearby atoms.
3) The _____ is the foundation of electronics and electrical power engineering.
Answer: electromagnetic theory
Explanation: The electromagnetic theory is the foundation of electronics and electrical power engineering.
4) Which are the main mathematical representations of magnetic fields?
There are many mathematical representations of the magnetic field. Most importantly, Maxwell’s equations show how magnetic and electric fields are produced and changed by each other. At first, magnetism and electricity were believed to be two separate entities. This concept changed with the entry of Maxwell’s equations and postulates. He showed that a single force mediates the interactions of negative and positive charges.
5) The theoretical consequences of electromagnetism have particularly led to the construction of the _____ Theory of Relativity.
Answer: Special
Explanation: The theoretical consequences of electromagnetism have particularly led to the construction of the Special Theory of Relativity.
6) Explain the nature of electric charges and magnetic poles.
Electric charges repel or attract one another with a force quantity inversely proportional to the square value of the distance between them (like charges repel and unlike charges attract).
Magnetic poles repel or attract one another in a way similar to negative and positive charges. They always exist as pairs. Every single time the north pole is glued to a south pole.
Electric current within a wire generates a matching concentric magnetic field around the wire. Its trajectory depends on the current’s direction in the wire.
7) A _____ is generated in a wire loop when it is displaced towards or away from a magnet.
Answer: current
Explanation: A current is generated in a wire loop when it is displaced towards or away from a magnet.
8) What is an electromagnetic field?
An electromagnetic field is a physical aura generated by charged particles and particles possessing a magnetic moment. The physical field does not carry a magnetic moment or electric charge. However, it does possess momentum and energy. It can transfer the momentum and energy to charged particles and particles possessing a magnetic moment. Sometimes, it can also annihilate or create particles. The electromagnetic field has two components. One is the electric field, and the other is the magnetic field. The two components act as an inseparable single unified field.
9) What is meant by intrinsic magnetic moment?
Even though there is no evidence for the magnetic charge, some basic particles possess an inert magnetic property called intrinsic magnetic moment. Particles with a magnetic moment like an electron can approximately be considered as a tiny small bar magnet. A permanent magnet is an accumulation of particles with ordered magnetic moments.
10) What are the main consequences of Maxwell’s equations?
- An electrically activated particle generates an electric field. This is the working principle of basic electric circuits, spark plugs, capacitors, etc. This principle is called Gauss’s Law. A magnetically charged particle does not exist. So, in reality, many theoretically probable genres of magnetic fields do not exist. The concept is called Gauss’s Law for magnetism.
- A varying magnetic field produces an electric field. This is the working law behind transformers, microphones, electric generators, etc. This law is called Faraday’s Law of Induction.
- An electric charge in motion generates a magnetic field. This principle is called Ampère’s Law. A varying electric field produces a magnetic field. When both laws are combined, it is called the Ampère-Maxwell Law.
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Practice Questions
1) What is an electric field?
2) What are the main differences between an electric field and a magnetic field?
3) What is a north pole?
4) What is a south pole?
5) What are the main examples of electromagnetic radiation?
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