Kinetic energy and momentum are the two terms related to an object in motion. In this article, we will explore the relation between kinetic energy and momentum.
| Table of Contents |
Kinetic Energy
The kinetic energy of an object is the energy associated with the object which is under motion. It is defined as “the energy required by a body to accelerate from rest to stated velocity.” It is a scalar quantity.
Kinetic Energy Formula
Mathematically expressed as-
Where,
m is the mass of the object measured in kg.
v is the velocity of the object measured in m/s.
Read More: Kinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy Unit
The SI unit of Kinetic Energy is Joules.
Momentum
The momentum of an object is the virtue of its mass. It is defined as the product of mass and velocity. It is a vector quantity.
Momentum Formula
The momentum of a moving object can be mathematically expressed as –
Where,
- p is the momentum.
- m is the mass of the object measured using kg.
- v is the velocity of an object measured using m/s.
Momentum Unit
The SI unit of Momentum is kg.m/s.
Watch the video and learn more about energy and momentum
Relation between Momentum and Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy and momentum of a moving body can be mathematically related as follows-
Consider the formula of kinetic energy-
Multiply and divide R.H.S by m,
We know that
\(\begin{array}{l}K.E=\frac{p^{2}}{2m}\end{array} \) |
The above equation gives the relation between kinetic energy and momentum of the object which is under motion.
| If the Momentum(p) is constant | \(\begin{array}{l}K.E\propto \frac{1}{m}\end{array} \) |
 |
| If Kinetic Energy(K.E) is constant | \(\begin{array}{l}p\propto \sqrt{m}\end{array} \) |
 |
| If mass(m) is constant | \(\begin{array}{l}p\propto \sqrt{K.E}\end{array} \) |
 |
Hope you have understood the relation between Kinetic energy and momentum of a moving object.
Physics Related Topics:
| Newton’s Second Law of Motion |
| Impulse Units |
| Acceleration |
| Momentum |
Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs
What is kinetic energy?
Define momentum.
State the law of conservation of momentum.
The law of conservation of momentum is based on which law of motion?
What is the formula for the law of conservation of momentum?
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2
In the equation, m1 and m2 are masses of the bodies, u1 and u2 are the initial velocities of the body.
v1 and v2 are the final velocities of the bodies.
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