The polypeptide chain can experience additional foldings to produce the tertiary structure. To some extent, the tertiary structure is determined... View Article
Most of the long polypeptide chains are coiled or folded in many ways. This level of organization is referred to as a secondary structure. The... View Article
As the name suggests, derived proteins are derivatives of proteins. These proteins are obtained from simple or conjugated proteins as a result of... View Article
Nucleoside is a condensation product of a nitrogen base and ribose sugar. Condensation occurs by the linkage of pyrimidine at its N3 position or... View Article
RNA is a macromolecule with a high molecular weight. But, it is shorter than DNA. It can be either single-stranded or double-stranded but not... View Article
The RNA molecule is thread-like, straight and unbranched. The size and amount of RNA molecules differ from species to species. The quantity of... View Article
In the reducing and sterile atmosphere of primordial earth, simple organic compounds could experience polymerization to produce large molecules.... View Article
Some scientists believe that nucleoprotein molecules developed a nutrient shell to become a virus-like structure called the protovirus. Thus, the... View Article
A few chemoautotrophs eventually would have formed chlorophyll-like pigments with the use of magnesium porphyrin of oceanic water. These pigments... View Article
Formation of Chemoautotrophs - prokaryotes should have obtained enzymes used to synthesize simple carbohydrates molecules from inorganic... View Article
The synthesis of all proteins begins with the same amino acid - methionine. Signals to initiate a polypeptide chain is a special type of... View Article
Bacteria make use of three initiation factors required for tRNA and mRNA to enter the initiation complex, which are IF-1, IF-2 and IF-3. IF-1:... View Article
Initiation takes place at specialized sequences on the mRNA known as the ribosome-binding site, which is a short sequence of bases that comes... View Article
Each of the tRNA is found in a distinct site on ribosomes. There are two sites having varying features - aminoacyl-tRNA binds with the A site.... View Article
The final phase of translation is termination. Termination starts when a stop codon enters ribosomes. There are no tRNAs that correspond to a... View Article
Causes are as follows - Weak functioning of the Sphincter of Oddi which regulates the liberation of pancreatic and bile juices from the bile... View Article
The most significant digestive enzyme is pancreatic lipase because it is not sufficiently produced outside the pancreas. Excess fat in the stool... View Article
Proteases (Proteolytic enzymes) consumed in a meal can assist in the disintegration of dietary protein. It promotes protein digestion and can... View Article
Lac operon is a group of genes that function as a unit to metabolize and import the disaccharide lactose into galactose and glucose. For the... View Article
The lac operon is composed of the segments - A, Z, P, O, Y. Hence, a lac operon is a functional DNA coding unit for structural genes and the... View Article