Fungi are eukaryotic organisms. It has a distinct nucleus and structured membrane-bound organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus. They all operate as one unit and carry out the functions of the cell.
The other kingdoms of eukaryotic organisms are Protista, Animalia and Plantae. Any eukaryotic organism, such as the well-known mushrooms and microbes like yeasts and moulds, is considered a fungus.
Like animals, fungi consume dissolved molecules by absorbing them; they typically perform this by releasing digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not carry out photosynthesis.
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