Simple and conjugated proteins that comprise plasma proteins are often referred to as blood proteins or serum proteins. Their average plasma concentration is not constant and is influenced by the presence of protein, but usually, it is 7.4% and ranges between 6.5% and 8.4% in a healthy person. As a result, they can be utilised to diagnose and predict diseases using their concentration as the criterion.
Plasma proteins are classified into albumin, globulin (alpha 1 globulin, alpha 2 globulin, beta globulin), and other important plasma (Bence-jones protein, fibrinogen).
Serum albumin, which constitutes 55% of blood proteins, plays a significant role in maintaining plasma at its oncotic pressure and acts as a carrier for steroid and lipids hormones. The 38% of blood proteins are globulins that transport hormones, ions, and lipids, helping the immune system work.
Aside from gamma globulins, all blood proteins are made in the liver. The conversion of fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin composes 7% of blood proteins necessary for blood clotting. Proenzymes, enzymes, and hormones comprise the remaining 1 percent of plasma proteins, which are regulatory proteins.
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