Amphithecium
The external cell layer of the developing sporophyte in bryophytes is called amphithecium. It brings about the capsule cell wall in numerous Bryales. The amphithecium aids in the development of the exothecium or sporangium (capsule) wall.
In Anthoceros and Sphagnum, the amphithecium gives rise to the sporogenous tissue. In other bryophytes, the sporogenous tissue develops from the endothecium.
Endothecium
The endothecium is the central layer of cell mass in the young sporophyte of bryophytes. This central cell mass has no vacuoles but a dense cytoplasm. It brings about the development of an air pocket between the capsule cell wall and the endothecium.
In most bryophytes, the sporogenous tissue develops from the endothecium.
Difference between Amphithecium and Endothecium
Amphithecium | Endothecium |
---|---|
It is the external layer of cells in young bryophytes. | It is the central mass of cells in young bryophytes. |
It gives rise to the sporangium or capsule wall. | It helps in the development of an air pocket. |
It gives rise to sporogenous tissue in Anthoceros and Sphagnum. | It gives rise to sporogenous tissue in most other bryophytes. |
Explore: Bryophyta – Characteristics, Life cycle and Examples of Bryophyta
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a peristome in bryophytes?
The peristome is a special structure seen in some bryophytes (mosses) that helps gradually discharge spores from the sporangium. These peristomes are teeth-like structures that cover the stoma (mouth) of the mosses.
What is an endothecium in an anther?
The anther is the pollen-producing part of a flower. The cell layer lining the lumen of the anther is called endothecium. It secretes materials that aid in the development of pollen grains. This endothecium also has a densely packed cytoplasm with no vacuoles.
Also Read: Microsporangia
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