The human body is composed of billions of cells, enzymes, organs, etc. Enzymes are the proteins which are necessary to control metabolic as well as chemical reactions of a body. Apart from enzymes, some other compounds involved in such reactions are cofactors and coenzymes.
Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds which are termed helper molecules. They are used as a catalyst in reaction and are extremely important. There are two types of cofactors viz coenzymes and prosthetic groups. Coenzymes are defined as organic molecules, small, non-protein which are also termed cosubstrates. They act as carriers and can be easily removed. Some examples of coenzymes are vitamin-b, coenzyme A, biotin, etc.
Also Refer: Enzymes
Cofactor vs Coenzyme
| Coenzyme | Cofactor |
| Meaning | |
| It carries chemical groups between enzymes | They bind to an enzyme |
| Also known as | |
| Cosubstrates | Helper molecules |
| Bind | |
| Coenzyme loosely bound to enzymes |
Some cofactors covalently bound the enzyme
|
| Removal | |
| Can be easily removed |
It can be removed only by denaturation
|
| Form | |
| Chemical molecule | Chemical compound |
| Characteristic | |
| Organic substances | Inorganic substances |
| Types | |
| It is a type of cofactor |
Two types of cofactors: Coenzyme and prosthetic groups
|
| Function | |
| They act as carriers | Increase the speed of reaction |
| Examples | |
| Biotin, Vitamin, Coenzyme A | Metal ions such as K+, Zn2+ |
These were the difference between Cofactor And Coenzyme. To know more about each of them separately and the actions involved during the process, register at BYJU’S.
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