Difference Between Cofactor And Coenzyme

The human body is composed of billions of cells, enzymes, organs, etc. Enzymes are the proteins which are necessary to control metabolic as well as chemical reactions of a body. Apart from enzymes, some other compounds involved in such reactions are cofactors and coenzymes.

Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds which are termed helper molecules. They are used as a catalyst in reaction and are extremely important. There are two types of cofactors viz coenzymes and prosthetic groups. Coenzymes are defined as organic molecules, small, non-protein which are also termed cosubstrates. They act as carriers and can be easily removed. Some examples of coenzymes are vitamin-b, coenzyme A, biotin, etc.

Also Refer: Enzymes

Cofactor vs Coenzyme

Coenzyme Cofactor
Meaning
It carries chemical groups between enzymes They bind to an enzyme
Also known as
Cosubstrates Helper molecules
Bind
Coenzyme loosely bound to enzymes
Some cofactors covalently bound the enzyme
Removal
Can be easily removed
It can be removed only by denaturation
Form
Chemical molecule Chemical compound
Characteristic
Organic substances Inorganic substances
Types
It is a type of cofactor
Two types of cofactors: Coenzyme and prosthetic groups
Function
They act as carriers Increase the speed of reaction
Examples
Biotin, Vitamin, Coenzyme A Metal ions such as K+, Zn2+

These were the difference between Cofactor And Coenzyme. To know more about each of them separately and the actions involved during the process, register at BYJU’S.

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