ELISA
ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) is a biochemical assay technique. It is used to quantify and detect substances, such as antibodies, antigens, proteins and hormones. The whole procedure is based on the binding of antibodies and antigens.
This plays a vital role in the medicinal field as well as in drug screening. Also, it is used in the food industry to detect the presence of any food allergens. It is also used to detect various disease outbreaks. (malaria, zika virus, syphilis, etc.)
Rapid Test
The rapid test involves more or less the same technique as ELISA. It is a faster and more sophisticated alternative to ELISA. Also, it is simple and does not require more equipment or skilled professionals.
The Rapid test quickly detects the absence or presence of an antigen. This test involves agglutination, immuno-filtration as well as chromatography techniques. It is also sometimes called RAT (rapid antigen test) or RADT (rapid antigen detection test).
Difference between ELISA and Rapid Test
ELISA |
Rapid Test |
| ELISA is a plate-based assay that is used to quantify and detect substances. | The rapid test is a screening procedure similar to ELISA. |
| It is a time-consuming and highly sensitive process. | It is a faster and less sensitive process. |
| It is more specific than the rapid test. | It is a less specific process. |
| This technique needs sophisticated instruments and trained technicians. | This does not need much equipment or skilled professionals. |
Also Read: ELISA Technique
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a rapid diagnostic test?
It is a preliminary medical screening technique the rapid antigen test, as well as the rapid antibody test, are examples of this screening test. Usually, the test results are provided on the same day. HIV, COVID, Malaria and Influenza are the most common diseases that are diagnosed using this.
What are the different types of ELISA?
ELISA is classified into four different types based on the nature of antigen-antibody binding.
- Direct ELISA
- Indirect ELISA
- Sandwich ELISA
- Competitive ELISA
What is a PCR?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a method used to make multiple copies of a specific DNA. Thus, it amplifies the desired sample and is used in medical diagnostic techniques. The rapid test is a less specific technique. So, the PCR is finally used as a confirmatory process.
Extended Reading: Polymerase Chain Reaction
Keep exploring BYJU’S Biology for more exciting topics.
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