Difference Between Muscularis Layer of Oesophagus and Stomach

Muscularis Layer of Oesophagus

The Oesophagus is a long fibromuscular tube that lies behind the heart and trachea. The oesophagus has a muscular layer composed of smooth and striated muscles. The upper oesophagus has striated muscles and the lower region has smooth muscles. The in-between layer has a mix of both muscles. The muscles are arranged in two layers, such that one encircles the muscular tube and the other runs longitudinally. Both layers are separated by a nerve innervation called the myenteric plexus. The outer esophageal layer has the adventitia, and the inner part is covered with a serous membrane.

Muscularis Layer of Stomach

Stomach is a hollow muscular organ that is involved in digestion. The muscularis layer of the stomach wall is responsible for peristalsis and segmental contractions. Unlike the oesophagus, the stomach has three muscularis layers. It has an additional oblique layer that is interior to the circular layer. The circular layer plays a vital role in preventing the backward movement of the food.

Difference between Muscularis Layer of Oesophagus and Stomach

Muscularis Layer of Oesophagus

Muscularis Layer of Stomach

It is a muscularis layer that forms a part of the oesophagus.

It is a muscularis layer that forms a part of the stomach wall.

It is made up of two muscular layers.

It is made up of three muscular layers.

It has an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer.

It has an inner circular layer, an interior oblique layer and an outer longitudinal layer.

It is composed of both skeletal/striated and smooth muscles.

It is made of only smooth muscles.

Also Read: Difference between oesophagus and Trachea

Frequently Asked Questions on Difference Between Muscularis Layer of Oesophagus and Stomach

Q1

What is an Oesophageal sphincter?

It is a band of muscular rings at the top and bottom of the oesophagus. They help in closing the esophageal openings when the food is not swallowed.

Q2

What is the main function of the muscularis layer?

The region of muscles adjacent to the submucosa of the gastrointestinal, urinary and respiratory tract is called a muscularis layer. In the alimentary canal, they help in segmental contractions and peristaltic movement.

Q3

What is peristalsis?

It is the simultaneous contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract that helps in the propulsion of food. Peristalsis creates a wave movement that pushes the food along the tract.

Explore: Human Digestive System

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