The long filamentous branching in fungus and actinobacteria, known as hypha, comprise hyphae. Hyphae are essential factors in these species required for development, and together they are called mycelium.
Hyphae grow by extending their internal structures and cell walls from the tips. Each hypha comprises at least one cell enclosed by a protective cell wall, formed of chitin, and has internal septa that divide the cells.
As a hypha grows, septa may form behind the expanding tip to divide each hypha into separate cells. Hyphae can divide by the branching of a growing tip or by developing a new tip from an old hypha.
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