17 July 2024 PIB
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Avian Influenza 2. NITI Aayog to release report on electronics in India
1. Avian Influenza
Syllabus: GS-2, Health; GS-3, Science
Prelims: Avian Influenza
Mains: One Health Approach
Context:
A High-Level Brainstorming Session on Avian Influenza Under One Health Approach.
Details:
- The Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying convened a high-level brainstorming session on Avian Influenza, focusing on surveillance and vaccination under the One Health approach.
Background:
- The poultry sector in India is vital for food security, offering a dependable source of high-quality protein.Â
- It greatly enhances nutritional security and sustains livelihoods, especially in rural regions.Â
- With a steady growth rate of 7-10% over the past decade, the sector also promotes trade and exports, fueling the nation’s economic growth.Â
- Nevertheless, recurring outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) hinder its potential and affect exports.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI):
- The Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5 virus is evolving and spreading geographically, posing a pandemic threat as seen in the recent outbreak in dairy cattle in the USA.
- The Influenza A/H5 virus spreads through poultry and wild birds along migratory routes, making India’s location significant for early disease warnings and control.Â
- Effective migratory bird surveillance during the winter season is crucial, with an emphasis on developing low-cost methods for environmental surveillance at various sites.
Vaccines Against HPAI:
- Globally available HPAI vaccines provide partial immunity, reducing disease severity but not entirely preventing infection.Â
- Vaccinated birds can still carry and transmit the virus, complicating surveillance and outbreak detection, and potentially leading to vaccine-resistant strains.Â
- Given these challenges, experts recommend continuing the current strategy of surveillance and culling without vaccination while emphasizing advanced research for better vaccines for both humans and poultry.
- ICAR-NIHSAD in Bhopal is leading efforts to develop an indigenous vaccine against HPAI, and ICMR plans to initiate cell-culture-based vaccines for human use.
2. NITI Aayog to release report on electronics in India
Syllabus: GS-3, Economy
Mains: Electronics industry in India
Context:
NITI Aayog will release a report titled ‘Electronics: Powering India’s Participation in Global Value Chains’.
Details:
- This report is the outcome of an extensive analysis of India’s electronics sector including its scopes and challenges.Â
- The report lays down the roadmap for the country to become a global manufacturing hub in electronics manufacturing.
- Currently, 70% of international trade involves Global Value Chain (GVC) items, highlighting the importance for India to increase its GVC participation.Â
- This can be achieved by focusing on key sectors such as electronics, semiconductors, automobiles, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The electronics sector is particularly vital, with 80% of its exports coming from GVCs.
- In the financial year 2023, India’s electronics sector made a significant impact, contributing 5.32% to the country’s total merchandise exports.Â
- This performance underscores India’s competitiveness and growing prominence in the global electronics market. The sector’s high GVC participation is spread across various geographies and firms.
- Currently, India’s electronics manufacturing is primarily focused on the final assembly of electronic goods.Â
- While brands and design firms are increasingly outsourcing assembly, testing, and packaging to Electronic Manufacturing Services (EMS) companies in India, the ecosystem for design and component manufacturing is still developing.
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| Related Links | |||
| Indian Council of Agricultural Research | Vizhinjam Port | ||
| Food Corporation of India | Tele-MANAS | ||
| Index of Industrial Production | Agnipath Scheme | ||
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