One can use various types of controller boards for their hardware projects. Among them, Arduino and Raspberry Pi are two of the most common and popularly used ones. Various DIY electronic builders, professionals, or even hobbyists use them. But they both are very different kinds of boards. In this article, we will discuss the difference between Arduino and Raspberry Pi.
The Arduino aims at circuit prototyping and quick programming, while the Raspberry Pi serves as a tool for learning (for Computer Programming). You can also find Raspberry Pi in various DIY projects. It is basically a single-board computer. Arduino, on the other hand, has a very simple design (relatively) and software structure (based on the ATmega family). Both of these consist of a CPU that can execute the memory, timers, instructions, and I/O pins.
The primary distinction between Arduino and Raspberry Pi is their I/O capabilities. Arduino generally has a very strong I/O. Thus, it directly drives the external hardware. On the other hand, the Raspberry Pi has a very weak I/O capability. Thus, it is in need of transistors for driving any given hardware.
Difference Between Arduino and Raspberry Pi
| Parameters | Arduino | Raspberry Pie |
| Control Unit | The Control Unit of the Arduino is from the ATmega family. | The Control Unit of the Raspberry Pi is from the ARM family. |
| Basis | Arduino works on the basis of a microcontroller. | Raspberry Pi, on the other hand, works on the basis of a microprocessor. |
| Use | The Arduino basically helps in controlling all the electrical components that connect to a system’s circuit board. | The Raspberry Pi primarily computes data and info for producing valuable outputs. It also controls the various components in any given system on the basis of the outcome (of the computation). |
| Structure of Hardware and Software | The Arduino boards have a very simple structure of software and hardware. | The Raspberry Pi boards consist of comparatively complex software and hardware architecture. |
| Type of CPU Architecture | Arduino has an 8-bit architecture. | Raspberry Pi has a 64-bit architecture. |
| RAM Usage | Arduino makes use of very little RAM of about 2 kB (Kilobytes). | Raspberry Pi always requires more RAM than Arduino of about 1 GB (Gigabytes). |
| Processing Speed | Arduino clocks 16 MHz (Megahertz) of processing speed in a system. | The Raspberry Pi clocks 1.4 GHz (Gigahertz) of processing speed in a system. |
| Cost Efficiency | It has a higher cost-efficiency because it is comparatively cheaper. | It has a lower cost-efficiency because it is comparatively more expensive. |
| I/O Drive Strength | The I/O current drive strength in the case of Arduino is higher. | The I/O current drive strength in the case of Raspberry Pi is lower. |
| Power Consumption | Arduino consumes power of about 200 MW (Megawatts). | Raspberry Pi consumes about 700 MW. |
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