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Difference Between Black Box Testing and White Box Testing

Software testing is the process of validating and verifying that an application or software is bug-free, meets the user specifications, meets the technical requirements, has accurate development and design, and handles all the exceptional cases.

You can classify software testing into two categories:

  • Black Box Testing
  • White Box Testing

What is Black Box Testing?

Black Box Testing is a method of software testing in which a tester does not know the internal design/ implementation/ structure of the tested item.

What is White Box Testing?

White Box Testing is a method of software testing in which the user knows the internal design/ implementation/ structure of the tested item.

Difference Between Black Box Testing and White Box Testing

Parameter Black Box Testing White Box Testing
Meaning It is a software testing method in which the program or the internal structure stays hidden, and the tester has no knowledge about it. It is a software testing method in which the tester knows about the code or the internal structure and the program involved.
Type of Testers Mostly, software testers do this. Mostly, hardware developers do this.
Knowledge Required The user doesn’t require knowledge regarding implementation. A user requires knowledge for implementation.
Type of Testing It is a form of external or outer software testing. It’s the inner or internal way of software testing.
Source Code Access The tester cannot access the source code of the software. The tester is aware of the source code and internal workings of the software.
Interface of Operation You can conduct Black box testing at the software interface. It requires no concern with the software’s internal logical structure. You can conduct White box testing by ensuring that all the internal operations take place according to the specifications.
Purpose of Testing It tests the functions of the software. It tests the structure of the software.
Basis of Initiation You can initiate this test on the basis of the requirement specifications document. You can only start this type of testing software after a detailed design document.
Programming Knowledge Testers don’t require a knowledge of programming. Testers mandatorily require a knowledge of programming.
Assessment This testing assesses software behavior. This testing assesses software logic.
Level of Testing Higher levels of software testing generally involve Black Box testing. Lower levels of software testing usually involve White Box testing.
Other Names You can also call it closed testing. You can also call it clear box testing.
Time Consumed It consumes less time. It consumes more time.
Algorithm Testing It does not work well for algorithm testing. It is completely suitable and preferable for algorithm testing.
Methods of Testing One can perform it using various trial and error methods and ways. You can better test data domains and internal or inner boundaries.
Types of Testing Black Box Testing types:

  • Regression Testing
  • Functional Testing
  • Non-Functional Testing
White Box Testing types:

  • Condition Testing
  • Path Testing
  • Loop Testing
Examples Example: A user searching something on a search engine like Google using certain keywords. Example: When a user inputs to check and verify the loops.

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