COMMIT Vs. ROLLBACK: Understand What is the Difference Between COMMIT and ROLLBACK in SQL
These two are the most common terms that come into play in a transactional statement- using which one can undo or perform the SQL transaction. For performing one complete SQL transaction, we must perform some activities like setting and starting the transaction, commit, SAVEPOINT, ROLLBACK in that transaction. In this article, we will discuss the difference between COMMIT and ROLLBACK in SQL. But we will first look into them individually.
What is COMMIT in SQL?
COMMIT is a transaction control language in SQL. It lets a user permanently save all the changes made in the transaction of a database or table. Once you execute the COMMIT, the database cannot go back to its previous state in any case.
What is ROLLBACK in SQL?
ROLLBACK is a transactional control language in SQL. It lets a user undo those transactions that aren’t saved yet in the database. One can make use of this command if they wish to undo any changes or alterations since the execution of the last COMMIT.
Difference Between COMMIT and ROLLBACK in SQL
| Parameters | COMMIT in SQL | ROLLBACK in SQL |
| Basics/Definition | The COMMIT statement lets a user save any changes or alterations on the current transaction. These changes then remain permanent. | The ROLLBACK statement lets a user undo all the alterations and changes that occurred on the current transaction after the last COMMIT. |
| Condition of Transaction | Once you use the COMMIT command to (completely) execute the current transaction, then it cannot undo and get back to its previous state in any way. | On the other hand, the ROLLBACK command assists a user to get the command back to its previous state. It lets them undo the current transaction. |
| Syntax of the Command | The syntax of COMMIT is:
Commit; |
The syntax of ROLLBACK is:
Rollback; |
| Successful Execution of the Statement | If one executes all the statements successfully with no error, then the COMMIT command will finally save the current state attained there. | In case an operation fails while completing a transaction, then it shows that the execution of all the changes is not successful. In this case, we can easily undo these changes with the ROLLBACK command. |
| Occurrence | One uses the COMMIT statement after successful completion of the intended transaction. | One uses the ROLLBACK statement after a transaction is unsuccessful due to abortion, incorrect execution, power failure, or system failure. |
| Visible Changes | Whenever a user executes the COMMIT command, then the current state of the transaction becomes permanently visible to all the users. | On the other hand, the transaction state after the ROLLBACK command also stays visible to all of its viewers- but the current transaction may contain a wrong set of information (it may also be right). |
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